Go nowhere意思是"哪儿都不去"，fast则是"快"，go nowhere fast意思是费了九牛二虎之力去做一件事，毫无进展。

【例句】
I've been working on this problem all evening and I'm going nowhere fast! Could you help me out, because I just don't know how to do it.
我一晚上都在绞尽脑汁地解这道题，却毫无进展，你能帮帮我吗？因为我实在不知道该解。

Those people in the novel are going nowhere fast. They bear burdens of their family history and are never able to solve any of their problems.
这本小说里的人物背上了家庭背景的沉重压力，束手束脚、固步自封，一直没能解决自己面临的问题。