在红松鼠与竞争物种灰松鼠的生存斗争中，天敌松貂似乎成了红松鼠的一个意想不到的盟友。贝尔法斯特女王大学的科学家们发现，虽然松貂捕食红、灰松鼠两个物种，但灰松鼠更容易受到攻击。
Wide-eyed and cute as they appear, pine martens are sharp-clawed predators. Their agility and tree-climbing skills make them the enemy of any squirrel. But an innate fear of their predators seems, according to this research, to give the reds an edge over their grey competitors.
虽然从外表上看，它们眼睛睁得很大，又可爱，但松貂是长有利爪的捕食性动物。敏捷的行动力和高超的爬树技巧使它们成为所有松鼠的敌人。但根据这项研究，对掠食者与生俱来的恐惧似乎让红松鼠在其竞争对手灰松鼠的面前占有优势。
When the researchers applied pine martens’ scent to squirrel-feeding stations, they found that only the red squirrels responded, showing much more vigilance when they sniffed out the danger.
在研究人员们给松鼠的喂食器上喷了松貂的气味后，他们发现只有红松鼠作出了反应，它们在嗅出危险时表现得更警觉。
Grey squirrels, on the other hand, seemed to ignore the scent and carry on regardless. This lack of a behavioural response, researchers say, means greys are much more vulnerable.
另一边，灰松鼠则似乎不顾松貂的气味，继续进食。研究人员说，这种缺乏行为反应的表现意味着灰松鼠更容易受到伤害。
But with more than two million grey squirrels in the UK and just 150,000 native reds, they could do with any advantage that evolution has given them.
但英国有200多万只灰松鼠，而仅有15万只土生土长的红松鼠，红松鼠需要利用进化赋予它们的任何有利条件。
词汇
wide-eyed 睁大眼睛的
pine martens 松貂
sharp-clawed 爪子锋利的
predators 掠食者，捕食性动物
agility 敏捷度
tree-climbing 爬树的
innate 天生的，与生俱来的
edge 优势
scent 气味
vigilance 警觉，警惕
sniffed out 闻出了，嗅出了
behavioural response 行为反应
vulnerable 脆弱的，易受伤害的
evolution 进化
阅读理解：请在读完上文后，回答下列问题 。
1. What characteristics make pine martens the enemy of any squirrel?
2. What did the researchers do to find out which species is more vigilant to danger?
3. True or false? Grey squirrels are more likely to be attacked than red squirrels.
4. How many native red squirrels are there in the UK?
答案
1. What characteristics make pine martens the enemy of any squirrel?
Their agility and tree-climbing skills make them the enemy of any squirrel.
2. What did the researchers do to find out which species is more vigilant to danger?
The researchers applied pine martens’ scent to squirrel-feeding stations and observed the responses of the red squirrels and the grey squirrels.
3. True or false? Grey squirrels are more likely to be attacked than red squirrels.
True. The research discovered that red squirrels showed more vigilance when they sniffed out danger, while grey squirrels seemed to ignore the danger, leaving them more vulnerable to attack.
4. How many native red squirrels are there in the UK?
There are 150,000 native reds in the UK.
Wide-eyed and cute as they appear, pine martens are sharp-clawed predators. Their agility and tree-climbing skills make them the enemy of any squirrel. But an innate fear of their predators seems, according to this research, to give the reds an edge over their grey competitors.
虽然从外表上看，它们眼睛睁得很大，又可爱，但松貂是长有利爪的捕食性动物。敏捷的行动力和高超的爬树技巧使它们成为所有松鼠的敌人。但根据这项研究，对掠食者与生俱来的恐惧似乎让红松鼠在其竞争对手灰松鼠的面前占有优势。
When the researchers applied pine martens’ scent to squirrel-feeding stations, they found that only the red squirrels responded, showing much more vigilance when they sniffed out the danger.
在研究人员们给松鼠的喂食器上喷了松貂的气味后，他们发现只有红松鼠作出了反应，它们在嗅出危险时表现得更警觉。
Grey squirrels, on the other hand, seemed to ignore the scent and carry on regardless. This lack of a behavioural response, researchers say, means greys are much more vulnerable.
另一边，灰松鼠则似乎不顾松貂的气味，继续进食。研究人员说，这种缺乏行为反应的表现意味着灰松鼠更容易受到伤害。
But with more than two million grey squirrels in the UK and just 150,000 native reds, they could do with any advantage that evolution has given them.
但英国有200多万只灰松鼠，而仅有15万只土生土长的红松鼠，红松鼠需要利用进化赋予它们的任何有利条件。
词汇
wide-eyed 睁大眼睛的
pine martens 松貂
sharp-clawed 爪子锋利的
predators 掠食者，捕食性动物
agility 敏捷度
tree-climbing 爬树的
innate 天生的，与生俱来的
edge 优势
scent 气味
vigilance 警觉，警惕
sniffed out 闻出了，嗅出了
behavioural response 行为反应
vulnerable 脆弱的，易受伤害的
evolution 进化
阅读理解：请在读完上文后，回答下列问题 。
1. What characteristics make pine martens the enemy of any squirrel?
2. What did the researchers do to find out which species is more vigilant to danger?
3. True or false? Grey squirrels are more likely to be attacked than red squirrels.
4. How many native red squirrels are there in the UK?
答案
1. What characteristics make pine martens the enemy of any squirrel?
Their agility and tree-climbing skills make them the enemy of any squirrel.
2. What did the researchers do to find out which species is more vigilant to danger?
The researchers applied pine martens’ scent to squirrel-feeding stations and observed the responses of the red squirrels and the grey squirrels.
3. True or false? Grey squirrels are more likely to be attacked than red squirrels.
True. The research discovered that red squirrels showed more vigilance when they sniffed out danger, while grey squirrels seemed to ignore the danger, leaving them more vulnerable to attack.
4. How many native red squirrels are there in the UK?
There are 150,000 native reds in the UK.
