Galileo, however, used one of the earliest telescopes to look at Jupiter. He noticed that Jupiter has moons going around it. Apparently everything in the cosmos didn’t have to go around the earth! Perhaps, Galileo said, it just looks like everything moves around us because we are standing on a planet that itself is in motion. Every school child now knows Galileo was correct, but his works were banned and he himself was placed under house arrest by the Inquisition in 1633. He was still under arrest when he died ten years later, having been forced to smuggle out his final work. Despite all the persecution he faced, Galileo always believed that the universe was not unfathomable but could be understood by rational means. In many ways he became the father of modern science.