将你打倒的“踌躇满志”？

年轻的毕业生们往往想要在职位上一展拳脚，但是远大的抱负可能会导致不间断的加班，最终使人精神崩溃。

测试中可能遇到的词汇和知识：

prestigious有名望的；享有声望的[pre'stɪdʒəs]

coroner验尸官['kɒr(ə)nə]

enthusiastic热情的；热心的[ɪn,θjuːzɪ'æstɪk]

euthanasia安乐死[,juːθə'neɪzɪə]

lamenting悲伤的；悲哀的[lə'mentiŋ]

pinnacle高峰；极点['pɪnək(ə)l]

dietitian营养学家；饮食学家[daɪə'tɪʃ(ə)n]

zest 强烈的兴趣；给…调味[zest]

Unrealistic expectations put millennials at risk of burnout（755 words）

By Andrew Hill

Like share options, a corner office and a company car, burnout used to be something executives had to work for years to achieve. But, as in so many other areas, millennials are getting there sooner than their parents did.

Dreaming of fulfilment, autonomy and progress at work, graduates are putting themselves under immense pressure to succeed and be content — often in junior roles that are, by definition, sometimes bound to be dull and unrewarding. Such pressures are surfacing even during the race to accumulate internships, increasingly a springboard to formal offers of the most prestigious jobs in consulting, banking and accounting.

The death of Moritz Erhardt in 2013, while working as a summer intern at Bank of America in London, prompted soul-searching among some of these employers. Erhardt suffered an epileptic seizure. But a coroner's inquest found that working a long nonstop shift could have triggered the fit.

BofA and others tightened their rules about interns' weekend and evening working in an attempt to force them to rebalance their priorities. A more profound adjustment is needed, though. Clearly, employers should ensure enthusiastic would-be masters of the universe do not overdo it in their zeal to impress. But they also need to stop promoting unrealistically lofty expectations of what work may involve.

In 2012, Bogdan Costea of Lancaster University Management School and colleagues analysed recruitment advertisements in The Times Top 100 Graduate Employers, an annual guide. Employers urged students to “invest in yourself” (Herbert Smith, the law firm), “See more, be more” (Barclays) or “Be the one who never stands still” (PwC). In a later paper, Prof Costea set Erhardt's tragedy in the context of this “culture of work focused intensely and unremittingly on the self, a culture which becomes obligatory from the very early stage of careers, so much so that internships themselves become a kind of testing ground for the mettle of individuals”.

Pursuing a similar line of inquiry, Kira Schabram of the University of Washington and Sally Maitlis of Oxford university interviewed current and former workers at animal shelters for a new study in the Academy of Management Journal. Burnout and dropout were real threats for those who saw their work as an intense calling. For instance, these employees struggled to cope with being forced to witness and carry out animal euthanasia (“Kittens were being, you know, put down,” recalled one, lamenting “the sheer numbers” of animals involved).

When I was a graduate trainee, I remember telling my parents I would never be that colleague who seemed to work late into every night. But youthful ambition, peer pressure and accepted work practice have a way of shaping recruits, however much they may think they are carving their own path. Within months, I was on a similar schedule to my colleague, driven by an urge to get on and the sheer excitement of the new job.

You may also say that if people are more engaged with their work, that can only be a good thing, and I agree — up to a point. For every advertisement seeking “passionate” and “committed” employees, there are new hires wondering why they aren't feeling the sense of self-realisation and contentment they signed up to.

This is a version of what new chief executives sometimes experience when they finally reach the pinnacle of their careers. Globetrotting consultant Ram Charan, whose latest book is The High Potential Leader, told me such people are usually “very good at selecting what to devote their time to and very good at saying no”. Some of these high-flyers still crack, even so, and companies are starting to recognise the value of supporting their high-potential managers to avoid breakdown. Johnson & Johnson surrounds its leading executives with a team, described by Bloomberg as “like the medical crew around an astronaut after splashdown”, that includes an executive coach and a dietitian.

Employers should take similar care with high-potentials at the start of their careers. Young workers are aware of stress and how to offset it with exercise, meditation and proper sleep, according to surveys, but they, too, should step back and consider how an all-or-nothing devotion to workplace success can be a shortcut to ruin.

That study of animal shelter staff found that the workers who avoided burnout tended to be those with more modest aspirations. These realists did not put work at the centre of their identity, or treat their job as a world-changing mission. As a result, they kept their zest for the job alight long after others had had their spark snuffed out.

1.In Moritz Erhardt's case, what had been the trigger of his death?

A.Working a long nonstop shift

B.His own illness

C.Peers pressure

D.Breaking up with his girlfriend

答案(1)

2.What has been the subjects of Professor Costea?

A.Average wages in The Times Top 100

B.Working years in The Times Top 100

C.Recruitment advertisements in The Times Top 100

D.Average Age in The Times Top 100

答案(2)

3.What is not one of the factors that forced the author to work late into the night when he is graduate trainee?

A.Youthful ambition

B.Peer pressure

C.Accepted work practice

D.His less-efficient working pace

答案(3)

4.That study of animal shelter shows who are less likely to break down?

A.Workers who do more meditation practice

B.Those with more modest aspirations

C.Those who love and appreciate their jobs

D.Workers that are more efficient than others

答案(4)

(1)答案：A.Working a long nonstop shift

解释：Moritz Erhardt在美国银行进行暑期实习期间，尽管本身患有癫痫，但验尸官的检验结果表明是长期不间断的工作使其最后发病死亡。

(2)答案：C.Recruitment advertisements in The Times Top 100

解释：Costea教授对时代周刊排名前100受毕业生青睐的企业的招聘启事进行了研究。

(3)答案：D.His less-efficient working pace

解释：作者刚刚毕业入职时，尽管发誓不会变成那些经常加班至深夜的同事那样，但年轻时对成功的渴望、同行压力和默认的工作惯例使得他最后也常常加班。

(4)答案：B.Those with more modest aspirations

解释：对动物保护站的研究表明，那些不容易精神崩溃的人往往是那些职业期望较低的人。