拜托 收起你的剪刀手

这次不是因为姿势土，而是为了你的安全——科学家利用现成的数码相机拍摄了一些指尖，然后用生成的图片骗过了一个指纹识别系统，这样可能会让黑客得到银行账号的访问权。

测试中可能遇到的词汇和知识：

off-the-shelf现成的；常备的；成品的

fingerprint指纹；手印['fɪŋgəprɪnt]

imperil危及；使陷于危险[ɪm'perɪl; -r(ə)l]

iris虹膜；鸢尾属植物['aɪrɪs]

megapixel兆象素['meɡəpɪksəl]

acrylic丙烯酸的[ə'krɪlɪk]

emulsion乳剂[ɪ'mʌlʃ(ə)n]

Fingerprint theft points to digital danger（477 words）

By Robin Harding in Tokyo

Peace signs flashed on social media can give hackers access to bank accounts,warn Japanese scientists who have used a digital camera to steal fingerprint data.

With off-the-shelf equipment,researchers at the National Institute of Informatics in Tokyo photographed fingertips at ranges of up to three metres,and used the resulting pictures to fool a fingerprint recognition system.

The research threatens a future where nothing — not even your body itself — is safe from identity theft,imperilling the booming industry of biometric security.

“As camera resolution gets higher,it’s becoming possible to image smaller things like a fingerprint or an iris,”said Isao Echizen,professor at the National Institute of Informatics in Tokyo.

“Once you share them on social media then they’re gone. Unlike a password you can’t change your fingers,so it’s information you have to protect.”

Biometric security is reaching the mainstream with more than 50 per cent of mobile phones set to include fingerprint recognition for the first time in 2017. The technology is also used in immigration control and for access to high-security controlled areas.

The NII work is the first time researchers have demonstrated the full chain,from photographing fingertips to reconstructing a print that can fool a scanner. There have been several cases of illegal entry into Japan using fake fingerprints made from silicon film to fool scans at the border,showing how the technology could be used.

Mr Echizen and his colleagues took photos with a 20 megapixel Canon digital camera that costs $900. For now,he says,the technique needs good lighting and the fingertips must be in focus so the average selfie is not a risk today. That will change quickly as camera resolution improves.

For public figures,the wealthy and those of interest to intelligence agencies,however,fingerprint theft is already a risk.“The thing to worry about for now is not a selfie but an attacker,”said Mr Echizen.“If a professional wants to get somebody’s fingerprints they can do it.”

For example,someone speaking at a conference could have their fingerprints stolen by a cameraman sitting in the audience,who could then make fakes and use them to impersonate the target.

Wearing gloves is one answer,but the NII team have developed and patented a countermeasure of their own,which involves having your fingertips covered in acrylic emulsion and then using a stencil to transcribe a pattern on to them in acrylic paint.

The fingertips can still be read by a contact-based biometric sensor but the pattern makes it impossible to capture them in a photograph.

Mr Echizen says he recognises that patterning the fingertips is unlikely to be a welcome part of the daily routine for many people but he hopes to make it as easy as possible.“We want to consider something easier to put on or take off in the future,”he says.

1.Which country’s scientists have used a digital camera to steal fingerprint data?

A. China

B. US

C. UK

D. Japan

答案(1)

2.What is the limitary distance to collect valid fingerprint in the experiments?

A. 3 cm

B. 330 mm

C. 3 m

D. 30 feet

答案(2)

3.What is the difference between password authentication and fingerprint verification?

A. change password

B. code identify

C. security level

D. user experience

答案(3)

4.Which one of the following is not mentioned as the use of biometric security?

A. fingerprint recognition

B. immigration control

C. vehicle identification

D. high-security controlled

答案(4)

(1) 答案：D.Japan

解释：是日本科学家用数码相机窃得了被拍摄者的指纹数据。

(2) 答案：C.3 m

解释：研究人员利用现成设备，在最远三米的距离拍摄了一些指尖，然后用生成的图片骗过了一个指纹识别系统。

(3) 答案：A.change password

解释：与密码不同，你无法更改你的手指指纹。

(4) 答案：C.vehicle identification

解释：2017年，配备指纹识别功能的手机将首次突破半数，生物识别安全技术正日益成为主流。这项技术还被用于入境管制和高安全级别控制区域的准入。