奇怪的个性化营销
当你走进一家商店想要闲逛时，摄像头已经通过面部识别获取了你在社交网站上的个人信息，并“暖心”的将系统自动匹配的优惠信息发送到你的手机上，你会有什么感觉？个性化电子营销一直被认为是广受欢迎且非常具有说服力的营销方式，但是FT专栏作家安德鲁·希尔却认为这种营销方式好像变得越来越奇怪了……
测试中可能遇到的词汇和知识：
gaffe失礼；失态 [ɡæf]
encapsulate压缩；简述 [ɪn'kæpsjə.leɪt]
apocryphal虚构的[ə'pɑkrəf(ə)l]
queasiness恶心[呕吐]
misnomer用词不当
algorithm算法；计算程序['ælɡə.rɪðəm]
The moment digital selling tips over into creepy stalking (716 words)
by Andrew Hill, February 2, 2015 12:19 pm The ‘creepiness quotient' is a vital sales and marketing metric
While I flew to Barcelona last week to speak at a conference, my iPad was at breakfast at a restaurant in Cambridge. That, at least, is what I deduced from the device's location, transmitted to me after I activated the Find My iPhone app on my mobile phone.
I was relieved: the tablet was neither lost nor stolen; it had been accidentally picked up by the organisers of a meeting I had attended the previous day. If, however, another app had found me at the airport and started to badger me with offers, based on my movements, prior purchases and reputation as a loyal or fickle customer, I might have felt a little uneasy.
Here is a question companies increasingly need to answer: what is the creepiness quotient of your product, or marketing campaign, and how would you know? The problem is no secret. Public examples abound. They include embarrassing personalised marketing gaffes — encapsulated in the popular, but possibly apocryphal, tale of the retailer Target, which outed a pregnant teenager to her parents by pitching certain products to her — and the more recent suspension of sales of Google Glass, amid queasiness about the device's potential misuse. “Problem” may even be a misnomer. While Julia Angwin's recent book Dragnet Nation describes the dark side of surveillance by companies and governments, a new book by Michael Fertik, founder of Reputation.com, which offers ways of enhancing online reputations, sees it as a simple fact of modern life, which we can exploit for advantage.
In The Reputation Economy, he and co-author David Thompson lay out plenty of examples that I find creepy. They include Facedeals, which aimed to combine facial recognition and your Facebook profile to push special offers to you when you arrive at a shop. Another is Moven, a mobile payment app, which originally set out to score customers' social media credibility alongside traditional credit measures.
“Future legal cases will have to decide at what point digital stalking gets just too creepy,” Mr Fertik and Mr Thompson write. They recommend, instead, that you publicise recent job promotions on social networks, tweet about your forthcoming purchases (“Looking for new SUV, considering @BMWUSA or @MBUSA, any experiences?”), and reconcile with bitter ex-partners who have badmouthed you online — all in the interests of making algorithms think you are a successful, luxury-car-loving, perfect date.
Research used to show personalised marketing was persuasive and well received. But Lisa Barnard, who once worked in advertising and is now assistant professor at Ithaca College, ran some experiments aimed at identifying the creepiness quotient (she calls it the “creepiness factor”) in ad campaigns. Tailoring online advertising to individual behaviour still works, she found, but “perceived creepiness” makes customers 5 per cent less likely to make the purchase. That is 5 per cent of the budget that could be spent elsewhere, if a campaign's CQ could be cut to zero.
Even pioneers recognise personalisation has its limits. Facedeals has become Taonii, an app which still offers tailored deals, without face recognition. “Consumers were just not quite ready,” a spokeswoman said via email. “They wanted the benefits but in a slightly friendlier [way].”
Keith Weed, chief marketing officer of Unilever, the consumer products company, says digital personalised marketing is “a bit like when you to go to your local shop and they know you and perhaps even have what you want waiting for you”. But cosy as that sounds, he concedes that getting the online and mobile version right is “a fine balance”. For now, giving customers an easy opt-out and ensuring they know what will be shared, where and with whom, are the keys to not creeping them out, he says.
Going back to William Lever, Unilever's founder and early adopter of persuasive advertising, marketing has a history of constant experimentation, in which you and I are the guinea-pigs. Rapid evolution is inevitable, because the line between creepy and friendly is always shifting. A user may willingly give up information for one purpose, only to react with disgust when it is used for another. But companies owe it to their customers to come up with a better way of defining their creepiness quotient. Otherwise, deciding where “cool” becomes “eeugh” will continue to be a matter of trial and uncomfortable error.
请根据你所读到的文章内容，完成以下自测题目：
1.The word “exploit” in paragraph 3 can be replaced by “______”?
A.waste
B.conserve
C.utilize
D.forgo
答案(1)
2.what is the writer's attitude towards “Facedeals” and “Moven”?
A.Odd
B.Supportive
C.Biased
D.Indifferent
答案(2)
3.Why does the author mention Lisa Barnard in this article?
A.To argue the perspective that all personalised marketing was persuasive and well received.
B.To support the point that personalised marketing can help business to expand profit potential.
C.To give an example of customers who hate personalised marketing.
D.To illustrate the fact that personalised marketing is the most effective means of marketing.
答案(3)
4.What does the word “guinea-pigs” in the last paragraph mean?
A.A small animal that is often kept as a pet.
B.A subject of research.
C.A symbol of rapid evolution.
答案(4)
* * *
(1)答案：C.utilize
解释：“exploit”意为“开发;利用”，选项中只有“utilize”与它意思相近,其他三个词的意思分别为：waste浪费；conserve节省/保护；forgo放弃。
(2)答案：A.Odd
解释：文章在第四段提到Facedeals和Moven时，作者明确表示是“examples that I find creepy”。
(3)答案：A.To argue the perspective that all personalised marketing was persuasive and well received.
解释：作者提到Lisa Barnard和她的研究结果是为了说明个性化营销并没有想象中那样具有说服力且深受欢迎，不恰当的个性化营销可能会降低消费者购买商品的可能性。
(4)答案：B.A subject of research.
解释：guinea-pigs本意为天竺鼠，同时也有“实验对象”的意思，通过上下文可以推断在这里当“实验对象”讲。
