56 现在完成进行时与现在完成时的比较（三） Track 056
（1）用短暂性动词的完成进行时表示重复
我们在第42节讲过，短暂性动词的完成时不能与表示“一段时间”的时间状语连用。但是，短暂性动词的完成进行时可与表示“一段时间”的时间状语连用，表示重复动作。如上述例句：
a. Every Sunday they meet in the same bar. They’ve been going there for years.
不能说：
Every Sunday they meet in the same bar. They’ve gone there for years.*
b. Over the past few years, many towns in the United States have been joining with neighboring communities to share the costs of government.
不能说：
Over the past few years, many towns in the United States have joined with neighboring communities…*
c. I’ve been getting up early since I entered the college.
不能说：
I’ve got up early since I entered the college.*
（2）重复动作的分割性
现在完成进行时强调动作的持续性，因此它表示一种看起来不间断的动作。如果要表达做一件事的次数（即把动作分割为一次一次的动作），或一共做了多少件事情时，则不能用现在完成进行时。请比较：
a. I have been sitting in class since 8 o’clock this morning.
从早上8点钟到现在我一直在上课。
b. I have had three classes since 8 o’clock this morning.
从早上8点钟到现在我已经上了三节课。
c. It has been snowing all day. I wonder when it will stop.
下了一整天的雪，不知什么时候能停。
d. We have had three major snowstorms so far this winter. I wonder how many more we will have.
今年冬天已经下了三场大雪了，不知还会再下几场雪。
e. The phone has been ringing for almost a minute. Why doesn’t someone answer it?
f.The phone has rung four times this morning, and each time it has been for Clint .
g. I’ve been writing the letter this morning and won’t finish until noon.
h. I’ve written three letters so far this morning.
i. I’ve written them three times, but I still haven’t received a reply.
j. I’ve been chatting（表示重复动作，没有说明具体聊天次数） online for a little over three years and have met（完成时表示重复，这里动作已被分割，因为下文提到了hundreds of people） hundreds of people.One common thing of those who have met（动作同样被分割，所以用完成时表示重复） others in real life is: “Don’t base the rest of your life on a week or two”, meaning “don’t spend a week or two with your online lover, then move in with them and get married.”
我泡在网上和人瞎聊已经有三年多了，也遇到了很多人。那些在现实生活中与网友见过面的人总要说：“别让一两个星期来决定你的下半生。”就是说，“别和你的网上情人相恋仅仅一两个星期就谈婚论嫁。”
我们在第42节讲过，短暂性动词的完成时不能与表示“一段时间”的时间状语连用。但是，短暂性动词的完成进行时可与表示“一段时间”的时间状语连用，表示重复动作。如上述例句：
a. Every Sunday they meet in the same bar. They’ve been going there for years.
不能说：
Every Sunday they meet in the same bar. They’ve gone there for years.*
b. Over the past few years, many towns in the United States have been joining with neighboring communities to share the costs of government.
不能说：
Over the past few years, many towns in the United States have joined with neighboring communities…*
c. I’ve been getting up early since I entered the college.
不能说：
I’ve got up early since I entered the college.*
（2）重复动作的分割性
现在完成进行时强调动作的持续性，因此它表示一种看起来不间断的动作。如果要表达做一件事的次数（即把动作分割为一次一次的动作），或一共做了多少件事情时，则不能用现在完成进行时。请比较：
a. I have been sitting in class since 8 o’clock this morning.
从早上8点钟到现在我一直在上课。
b. I have had three classes since 8 o’clock this morning.
从早上8点钟到现在我已经上了三节课。
c. It has been snowing all day. I wonder when it will stop.
下了一整天的雪，不知什么时候能停。
d. We have had three major snowstorms so far this winter. I wonder how many more we will have.
今年冬天已经下了三场大雪了，不知还会再下几场雪。
e. The phone has been ringing for almost a minute. Why doesn’t someone answer it?
f.The phone has rung four times this morning, and each time it has been for Clint .
g. I’ve been writing the letter this morning and won’t finish until noon.
h. I’ve written three letters so far this morning.
i. I’ve written them three times, but I still haven’t received a reply.
j. I’ve been chatting（表示重复动作，没有说明具体聊天次数） online for a little over three years and have met（完成时表示重复，这里动作已被分割，因为下文提到了hundreds of people） hundreds of people.One common thing of those who have met（动作同样被分割，所以用完成时表示重复） others in real life is: “Don’t base the rest of your life on a week or two”, meaning “don’t spend a week or two with your online lover, then move in with them and get married.”
我泡在网上和人瞎聊已经有三年多了，也遇到了很多人。那些在现实生活中与网友见过面的人总要说：“别让一两个星期来决定你的下半生。”就是说，“别和你的网上情人相恋仅仅一两个星期就谈婚论嫁。”
