Day 10 Twenty years ago, Dr. Field, a noted anthropologist, visited the island of Tertia

Twenty years ago, Dr. Field, a noted anthropologist, visited the island of Tertia. Using an observation-centered approach to studying Tertian culture, he concluded from his observations that children in Tertia were reared by an entire village rather than by their own biological parents. Recently another anthropologist, Dr. Karp, visited the group of islands that includes Tertia and used the interview-centered method to study child-rearing practices. In the interviews that Dr. Karp conducted with children living in this group of islands, the children spent much more time talking about their biological parents than about other adults in the village. Dr. Karp decided that Dr. Field's conclusion about Tertian village culture must be invalid. Some anthropologists recommend that to obtain accurate information on Tertian child-rearing practices, future research on the subject should be conducted via the interview-centered method.

Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered in order to decide whether the recommendation and the argument on which it is based are reasonable. Be sure to explain how the answers to these questions would help to evaluate the recommendation.

五问：

（1）“Some anthropologists recommend that to obtain accurate information on Tertian child-rearing practices, future research on the subject should be conducted via the interview-centered method”是结论，其余部分是事实，值得反驳吗？

（2）不同的研究方法之间，各有优劣，但并无高低。观察法的好处与坏处分别是什么？观察法的优点是可以直观、及时地观察问题，但受到时间与观察者自身因素的限制。访谈法的好处与坏处分别是什么？访谈法可以对研究的内容有更广泛更深层次的了解，但是谈话过程需要技巧，也会耗费大量的时间和精力。思考以上两个问题是解答本题的基础。

（3）Dr. Karp的研究包含但不仅限于 Tertia这个岛上的孩子，这样得出的结论一定适合 Tertia这个特定的岛屿吗？集体的特质一定适合个体吗？

（4）孩子们更多地谈及自己的亲生父母，就意味着他们一定是由亲生父母抚养长大的吗？孩子回答的内容是什么并未具体说明，如果孩子谈论的是思念父母或者和父母见面次数少呢？直接以孩子作为访谈对象，有什么不好的地方？例如：采访的话题是否会引导孩子谈论自己的父母？

（5）想进一步地了解一个事物，一直使用同一种研究方法合适吗？观察法得出的结论是在 20年前得出的， 20年间该地的风俗是否会发生变化？如果有变化，能说 20年前的观点是错误的吗？