女性乳腺癌确诊后经常遇到就业、保险等问题
A majority of women younger than 45 years faced employment and insurance coverage difficulties following treatment for early stage breast cancer, with 35% fearing loss of health insurance coverage if they left their current job during treatment—despite wanting to continue working.
大多数45岁以下的妇女在接受早期乳腺癌治疗后面临就业和保险方面的困难，35%的妇女担心，如果她们在治疗期间离开了目前的工作，尽管想继续工作，但仍会失去医疗保险。
What major issues do survivors of breast cancer face in the aftermath of their treatment, and how pervasive are these issues? According to recent study results published in BMC Cancer, job- and insurance-related concerns make themselves known more often than not in a plurality of women younger than 45 years in the 18 months following their diagnosis.
乳腺癌幸存者在接受治疗后面临哪些主要问题?这些问题有多普遍?根据最近发表在《BMC癌症》杂志上的研究结果，在确诊后的18个月里，与工作和保险相关的问题让大多数45岁以下的女性更容易了解自己。
Using data on 708 female patients collected t, the authors of the present study conducted their own subanalysis on the particular employment and health insurance coverage issues these women may face. Study recruitment took place between January 1998 and November 2005 at 5 major US cancer centers and hospitals:
利用收集的708名女性患者的数据，本研究的作者对这些妇女可能面临的特殊就业和医疗保险问题进行了自己的亚分析。研究招募于1998年1月至2005年11月在美国五大癌症中心和医院进行：
Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
纪念斯隆凯特琳癌症中心
The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
德克萨斯大学安德森癌症中心
University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
德克萨斯大学西南医学中心
Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Dallas
达拉斯德州健康长老会医院
Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center
维克森林大学浸信会医学中心
To qualify for study inclusion, their participants had to be between 18 and 45 years of age and received their diagnosis of stage I to III breast cancer in the preceding 8 months; 54% were younger than 40 years. Most were non-Hispanic white (90%) and married/partnered (76%), and they had at least a 4-year college degree (67%). Comparisons for changes in employment were obtained from patient reports taken at study entry and at the 18-month mark, while insurance status was only evaluated after the same 18-month period.
为了符合纳入研究的条件，他们的参与者必须在18至45岁之间，并且在过去8个月内接受了I至III期乳腺癌的诊断;54%的参与者年龄小于40岁。大多数是非西班牙裔白人(90%)和已婚/伴侣(76%)，他们至少有4年的大学学历(67%)。从研究开始时和18个月后的患者报告中获得就业变化的比较，而只有在相同的18个月后才评估保险状况。
At the end of the study period, 56% of the women were still employed full time, while 18% were homemakers, 16% were working only part time, 4.5% had become unemployed or were looking for work, and 2.5% were disabled and could not work. The most common work-related problems the patients actually encountered included fearing a job switch meant they could not get employer-sponsored health insurance coverage because of their preexisting cancer diagnosis (35%), losing their health insurance (0.8%), having to take a demotion (1.0%), being denied a potential promotion (2.5%) or a wage increase (4.3%), being fired/laid off (2.3%), and being forced to accept reduced responsibilities (3.9%).
研究结束时，56%的妇女仍然全职工作，18%是家庭主妇，16%只是兼职工作，4.5%失业或找工作，2.5%是残疾人，不能工作。患者实际遇到的最常见的与工作相关的问题包括：因为他们先前的癌症诊断，担心工作调动意味着他们无法获得雇主资助的医疗保险(35%)、失去医疗保险(0.8%)、不得不降职(1.0%)、被拒绝晋升(2.5%)或工资增加(4.3%)、被解雇/下岗(2.3%)和被迫承担减少的责任(3.9%)
“These young survivors experienced significant employment and insurance-related issues following their diagnosis and treatment for breast cancer,” the authors concluded. “Insurance- and work-related issues should try to be anticipated and addressed prior to treatment to avoid unnecessary insurance difficulties.”
作者总结道:“在乳腺癌的诊断和治疗之后，这些年轻的幸存者经历了重大的就业和保险相关问题。”“保险和工作相关的问题应该在治疗之前就做好准备和处理，避免不必要的保险困难。”
To head off these problems for patients in the future, the study authors strongly suggest maximizing the time before treatment begins by addressing any work- and insurance-related concerns and being upfront on expectation for both.
为了避免这些问题在未来出现在病人身上，研究作者强烈建议，在治疗开始前，要尽量延长时间，解决任何与工作和保险相关的问题，并对两者都提前做好准备。
