1. 并列
a) 并列大量名词: n1, n2, n3, …, and nn
i. A, B, C, … and other Xs…
ii. X, such [Y] as A, B, C…, …
b) 并列名词性成份: n. + what/how/whether/if… [并列复杂句]
i. what = something that
ii. how = the way/manner in which
c) 并列形容词性成份
i. a1 and a2 + n
ii. a1 + yet/but + a2 + n
iii. a1, a2 + n + that…
iv. a1, a2, so a3 that/as to…
d) 并列副词性成份
i. ad1 and ad2
ii. ad1 + yet/but + ad2
iii. ad1, ad2, prep.
iv. ad1, ad2, so ad3 that/as to…
e) 并列动词
i. 并列动词
a) …v1…, v2-ing…, v3-ing…
b) S1 + v1-ing, S2 + v2 …
ii. 并列句子
a) …, and therefore/thus/consequently/subsequently…
b) not only/simply/merely… but also/…as well/even…
c) neither… nor…
d) not that… but that…
f) 并列从句: … that…, and that…[并列复杂句]
i. that引导的宾语从句
ii. that引导的定语从句
iii. that引导的主语从句
2. 重复成分
a) 重复形容词
i. … a. …, so a. that/as to…
b) 重复名词 (同位语结构)
i. … n., n that…
ii. 原样重复
iii. 同义重复
a) 归纳
b) 演绎
3. 从句