1虚拟语气的基本用法是什么
通常,反映的是非真实条件句的虚拟语气模式,从句和主句的谓语动词时间是一致的,如果两者时间不一致,此时就是混合型虚拟语气。混合型虚拟语气的使用要求“各自为政”,即从句和主句根据各自假设的时间不同,采用对应的的谓语动词形式。
2虚拟语气用法有哪些
虚拟语气在条件从句的用法
条件句有两类,一类是真实条件句;一类是非真实条件句,也就是虚拟条件句。
如果假设的情况是有可能发生的,就是真实条件句,谓语要用陈述语气。如 If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go to the park.
如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的,或将来不大可能发生的,则是虚拟条件句。
如 If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it.
在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中,主句和从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气.
错综时间条件句
有时条件从句的动作和主句动作发生的时间不一致,这时需要根据意思采用表示不同时间的动词形式来进行调整。
If she had taken the doctor’s advice, she might still be alive. If I were you, I would have accepted their terms.
含蓄条件句
1.有时候假设的情况并不用条件从句表示出来,而是通过介词短语来表示。
如 Without air(If there were no air), there would be no living things. But for your help (If it hadn’t been for your help), I couldn’t have done it.
2. 假设的条件通过上下文表现出来。
I would go abroad for further study but that I am poor. I was ill that day. Otherwise I would have taken part in the party. 虚拟语气在名词性从句中的应用
“wish+宾语从句”表示不可能实现的愿望,汉语可译为“可惜……、悔不该……、但愿……”。表示现在不能实现的愿望,从句的谓语动词用过去式;
表示将来不可能实现的愿望用“would/could+动词原形”;
表示过去不可能实现的愿望时用“had+过去分词”。
如: I wish I were better-looking. 要是我长得再漂亮些就好了。
I wish I had met the film star just now. 我要是刚才遇到那位电影明星该多好啊!
I wish I would be a solider. 我想当一名军人。
虚拟语气在状语从句中的应用
1. if only的条件状语从句中的虚拟语气
if only 与 I wish一样,也用于表示与事实相反的愿望,其后所接虚拟语气的时态与 wish 后所接时态的情况相同。
如:
If only the player had had more courage! 这位选手再多有一些勇气就好了。
If only Daisy would go with me! 黛茜要是愿意和我一起去就好了!
虚拟语气的用法大家都学会了吗?