91.	当形容词用的现在分词Ving有主动、正在、令人…...的意思。  当形容词用的过去分词 pp. 有被动、已经、感到……的意思。

  * 我不会照顾正在哭的婴儿。  I can’t take care of a crying baby.   ß 主动正在哭的
我父亲是一位退休的将军。  My father is a retired general.       ß 已经退休的
这是一项令人振奋的消息。  This is a piece of exciting news.      ß 令人振奋的
激动的暴民纵火烧大楼。    The excited mob set fire to the building. ß 感到激动的
    口语英文比较难。          Spoken English is more difficult   ß被说的

92.	1.        n. + 形容词子句     可改成 n. + Ving词组       ß子句中动词为主动时  2.        n. + 形容词子句     可改成 n. + pp.词组        ß子句中动词为被动时

  * 那本属于他的书不见了。            * 藏在书里的邮票不见了。
 The book which belongs to him is lost.    The stamp which is hidden in the book is gone.
= The book belonging to him is lost.      = The stamp hidden in the book is gone.

93.	S + 来往站坐V + 分词       ß 分词当主词补语用

  * 他跑着来。                           他们锻羽而归。 
    He came running.                       They returned defeated.
   ＊来往动词包含「来」「去」「出发」「回来」等
     站坐动词包含「站」「坐」「躺」「存在」「停留」「休息」等

94.

S +

感官V 使役V

+ O. +

原形V    ß 一般主动  Ving      ß 强调正在进行的主动  pp.       ß 被动

  * 我看见他走进了医院。         * 他走进医院的时候被我看到。
I saw him enter the hospital.        I saw him entering the hospital.
  * 我看见他被送进了医院。         我把我的作文拿去给老师改。
I saw him sent to hospital.          I had my composition corrected by our teacher.
  * 我叫他去做。   I have him do it. = I make him do it.
  = I get him to do it.  ßget人+ to V是超级大例外

95.

find  leave  +  O. +  keep

Ving    ß主动  pp.     ß被动

  * 他发现狗被杀了。  He found his dog killed.
    很抱歉让你久等了。  I’m sorry I have kept you waiting so long.

96.	分词构句：   副词子句， S + V. = 分词构句， S + V.       ß主动用Ving, 被动用pp.

  * 看到电动玩具时，他高兴得叫了起来。
 When he saw the video machine, he exclaimed with joy.
= (When) Seeing the video machine, he exclaimed with joy. ß意思清楚时，连接词可省。
  * 虽然旅馆客满，我们还是设法弄到一个房间。
     Though the hotel was crowded, we managed to find a room.
= The hotel crowded, we managed to find a room.   ß两句主词不同时，主词还是留下。

97.	分词构句表「接续动作」的变化句型   S + V and S + V.   = S + V， 分词构句，      ß主动用Ving, 被动用pp.

  * 她吓呆了，都不知道该怎么办。
 She stood amazed, and (she) did not know what to do.
= She stood amazed, not knowing what to do.

98.	分词构句表「附带状况」的变化句型   S1 + V and S2 + V.   = S1 + V ， S2 分词构句         ß主动用Ving, 被动用pp. = S1 + V ， with  S2 分词构句    ß主动用Ving, 被动用pp.

  * 老师站在黑板前，双臂交叉。
     The teacher stood in front of the blackboard, and his arms were folded.
   = The teacher stood in front of the blackboard, his arms folded.
   = The teacher stood in front of the blackboard, with his arms folded.
   = The teacher stood in front of the blackboard, and (he) folded his arms.
   = The teacher stood in front of the blackboard, folding his arms.

99.	1.  S + may[might] well + V          有理由......；难怪......  2.  S + may[might] as well + V        最好......；不如......较好
	3.        S + may as well  A  as  B       与其B不如A      S + might as well  A  as  B      做B等于做A

  * 难怪你这么说。
     You may well say so. = You might well say so.
     (= You have good reasons to say so. = No wonder you say so.)
  * 你最好不要鬼混了。
     You may as well not fool around. = You might as well not fool around.
     (= You had better not fool around.)
  * 凡事知之不尽不如不知。
     One may as well not know a thing at all as know it imperfectly.
  * 你借钱给他等于丢到海里。