听力原文

Lesson 49
The ideal servant
理想的仆人
Listen to the tape then answer the question below.
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
It is a good thing my aunt Harriet died years ago. If she were alive today she would not be able to air her views on her favourite topic of conversation: domestic servants. Aunt Harriet lived in that leisurely age when servants were employed to do housework. She had a huge, rambling country house called 'The Gables'. She was sentimentally attached to this house, for even though it was far too big for her needs, she persisted in living there long after her husband's death. Before she grew old, Aunt Harriet used to entertain lavishly. I often visited The Gables when I was boy. No matter how many guests were present, the great house was always immaculate. The parquet floors shone like mirrors; highly polished silver was displayed in gleaming glass cabinets; even my uncle's huge collection of books was kept miraculously free from dust. Aunt Harriet presided over an invisible army of servants that continuously scrubbed, cleaned, and polished. She always referred to them as 'the shifting population', for they came and went with such frequency that I never even got a chance to learn their names. Though my aunt pursued what was, in those days, an enlightened policy, in that she never allowed her domestic staff to work more than eight hours a day, she was extremely difficult to please. While she always criticized the fickleness of human nature, she carried on an unrelenting search for the ideal servant to the end of her days, even after she had been sadly disillusioned by Bessie.
Bessie worked for Aunt Harriet for three years. During that time she so gained my aunt's confidence that she was put in charge of the domestic staff. Aunt Harriet could not find words to praise Bessie's industriousness and efficiency. In addition to all her other qualifications, Bessie was an expert cook. She acted the role of the perfect servant for three years before Aunt Harriet discovered her 'little weakness'. After being absent from the Gables for a week, my aunt unexpectedly returned one afternoon with a party of guests and instructed Bessie to prepare dinner. No only was the meal well below the usual standard, but Bessie seemed unable to walk steadily. She bumped into the furniture and kept mumbling about the guests. When she came in with the last course -- a huge pudding -- she tripped on the carpet and the pudding went flying through the air, narrowly missed my aunt, and crashed on the dining table with considerable force. Though this caused great mirth among the guests, Aunt Harriet was horrified. She reluctantly came to the conclusion that Bessie was drunk. The guests had, of course, realized this from the moment Bessie opened the door for them and, long before the final catastrophe, had had a difficult time trying to conceal their amusement. The poor girl was dismissed instantly. After her departure, Aunt Harriet discovered that there were piles of empty wine bottles of all shapes and sizes neatly stacked in what had once been Bessie's wardrobe. They had mysteriously found their way there from the wine cellar!

New words and expressions 生词和短语
rambling
adj. 杂乱无章的
sentimentally
adv. 感情上，多情地
immaculate
adj. 清洁的，无污点的
lavishly
adv. 慷慨地，大方地
parquet
n. 镶木地板
gleam
v. 发亮，闪光
preside
v. 指挥
invisible
adj. 看不见的，无形的
scrub
v. 擦拭，刷洗
enlightened
adj. 开明的
fickleness
n. 变化无常
unrelenting
adj. 不屈不挠的，不松懈的确良
disillusion
v. 使幻想破灭的
qualification
n. 资格，能力
mirth
n. 欢笑，高兴
stack
v. 整齐地堆放
cellar
n. 地窖

参考译文

我的姑妈哈丽特好多年前就去世了，这倒是件好事。如果她活到今天，她将不能就她热衷的话题“佣人”发表意见了。哈丽特生活在一个悠闲的年代，家务事都由雇来的佣人代劳。她在乡下有一幢巨大杂乱的房子，叫作“山墙庄园”。她对这幢房子在感情上难舍难分。房子实在太大了，但在丈夫去世多年后，她仍然执意长年住在那儿。哈丽特姑妈年轻时，喜欢大摆宴席，招待宾客。我小时候常去“山墙庄园”作客。不管去多少宾客，大房子里总是收拾得干干净净。镶木地板洁如明镜，擦得发亮的银器陈列在明亮的玻璃柜里，连姑夫的大量藏书也保存得很好，奇迹般地一尘不染。哈丽特姑妈统率着一支看不见的佣人大军，他们不停地擦拭、清扫、刷洗。她称这些佣人叫“流动人口”，因为他们来匆匆，所以我甚至都没有机会知道他们的姓名。姑妈待佣人在当时算是开明的，从来不让佣人每天工作超过8小时，但他们很难使她称心如意。她一方面总是批评人的本性朝三暮四，另一方面她又持之以恒地寻找一个理想的佣人。即使在贝西大大地伤她的心之后，她还在找，一直到她死去。贝西在哈丽特家干了3年。在此期间，她赢得了姑母的赏识，甚至当上了大管家。哈丽特不知该用什么言辞来赞扬贝西的勤奋与高效。贝西除了有各种本领以外，还是一个烹饪大师。她担任“理想仆人”角色3年之后，哈丽特终于发现她有“小小的弱点”。一次，姑妈有一个星期没在“山墙庄园”住。一天下午，她出其不意地回来了，带来一大批客人，吩咐贝西准备晚饭。结果，不仅饭菜远不如平时做得好，而且贝西走起路来似乎东倒西歪。她撞到了家具上，嘴里还不断咕咕哝哝议论客人。当她端着最后一道菜——一大盘布丁——走进屋来时，在地毯上绊了一跤。布丁飞到半空，从姑母身边擦过，然后狠狠地砸在餐桌上。这件事引起了客人们的欢笑，但哈丽特却着实吓了一跳。她不得不认定贝西是喝醉了。客人们自然从贝西为他们开门那一刻起就看出来了，在好长一段时间里，即最后这个乱子发生前，他们努力克制才没笑出声来。贝西当即被解雇了。贝西走后，哈丽特姑妈发现在贝西以前用过的衣柜里整整齐齐地放着一堆堆形状各导、大小不一的酒瓶子。这些酒瓶神不知鬼不觉地从酒窖来到了这里。

记单词

◆rambling adj. 杂乱无章的
ramble vi.
1. 闲逛，漫步
stroll
go for a walk / have a walk
go for a stroll / have stroll
They rambled through the ferast.
2. 漫谈，聊开
Eg: The old lady began to ramble about her youth.
3. 植物的蔓延生长
Eg: The wild roses ramble over the fance.

◆sentimentally adv. 感情上，多情地
sentiment n.
sentiments 情操
The sentiments of pity: 恻陷之心
emotion 感情（总称）
out of sentiments: 出于同情
sentimental adj. emotional

◆◆◆lavishly adv. 慷慨地，大方地
lavish adj. 慷慨的，大方的
eg: Are you lavished to your friend.
extravagant 挥霍的，奢侈的
lavish money on sth. /sb.
lavish praises on sb.
grudge 舍不得给
Eg: Do you lavish praises on your friends? 你总是大肆吹捧你的朋友吗？
lavish care on sb. 过度的关心或庞爱
generous 慷慨大方的
liberal: 开明的
prodigal: 浪费的，挥霍无度的
wasteful
反义词：thrifty, economical, frugal, not wasteful

L49-01 end 16’57” 52-01

L49-02 begin 16’54”
◆immaculate adj. 清洁的，无污点的
spotless

◆parquet n. 镶木地板
◆gleam v. 发亮，闪光
◆preside v. 指挥
vi. preside at
Eg: Who will preside at the party?
Yesterday my friend visited me so I preside at tea. 招待

◆invisible adj. 看不见的，无形的
visible

◆scrub v. 擦拭，刷洗
参见L15
polish: 润色

◆enlightened adj. 开明的
◆fickleness n. 变化无常
◆unrelenting adj. 不屈不挠的，不松懈的
strong-minded
continuous

◆disillusion v. 使幻想破灭
◆industriousness n. 勤奋
◆qualification n. 资格，能力
◆mirth n. 欢笑，高兴 (书面化，文学中或诗歌中)
Happiness, joy, merriment, fun, amusement, entertainment, delight, rapture
◆stack v. 整齐地堆放
◆cellar n. 地窖

课文讲解

背熟：If she were alive today she would not be able to air her views on her favourite topic of conversation: domestic servants.
air one’s views on sth. / sb. 对......发表意见
背熟：lived in that leisurely age when
背熟：She was sentimentally attached to this house, for even though it was far too big for her needs, she persisted in living there long after her husband's death.
attach to
背熟：she persisted in living there long after her husband's death.
persist in doing sth.
long after
short after
long before
short before

L49-02 end 16’54”

L49-03 begin 15’18”

even my uncle's huge collection of books was kept miraculously free from dust.

背熟：She always referred to them as 'the shifting population', for they came and went with such frequency that I never even got a chance to learn their names.

refer to / regard sb. as

背熟：she was extremely difficult to please.
背熟：While she always criticized the fickleness of human nature, she carried on an unrelenting search for the ideal servant to the end of her days, even after she had been sadly disillusioned by Bessie.

carry on
During that time
put sb. in charge of 安排某人负责

in addition to

L49-03 end 52-03 15’18”

L49-04 begin 16’23”

act the role: play the role

be absent from: be away from
not only 位于句首，引导完整的语句，部分倒装

below, above常用的修饰词是well

bump into: knock oneself into / onto

背熟： reluctantly came to the conclusion that...
come to the conclusion
draw a conclusion
arrive at conclusion
reach conclusion
jump to conclusion

have a difficult time doing sth. : have trouble / difficulty in doing sth

背熟：They had mysteriously found their way there from the wine cellar!
L49-04 end 16’23” Lesson49 end 1:05:22