城市交通拥堵
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on urban traffic jams based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then explain the reasons for urban traffic jams and make your proposals about handling the problems . You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.
审题立意
1. 导语解读:要求考生简要描述图画内容,解释造成拥堵的原因,并提出解决方案。
2. 漫画解读:图片上画了一个拥堵的路口:众多车辆拥堵在一个信号灯周围,导致它们被拥挤变形。司机不遵守交通规则,比如在禁止通行的道路行车,随便掉头等。
3. 文章立意:交通拥堵是现在城市发展中的一个突出问题。造成这种现象的原因有很多种,要解决这一问题,除了采取适当的措施之外,增强司机的交通守法意识也很重要。
写作思路
1. 第一段简要描述漫画内容,突出拥堵问题的严重性。
2. 第二段通过举例、对比等论证方式阐述造成现代城市交通拥堵的原因,既有客观因素,也有主观因素。
3. 第三段针对问题的原因提出解决办法,客观因素通过科技等方法解决,主观因素通过增强意识来解决。
参考范文
How terrible the traffic is! The picture depicts a scenario of a terrible traffic jam in the street. There are so many cars congesting around the traffic light that they are squeezed out of shape. In fact, it is more like a parking lot than a street here. 1
Exaggerated as it is, the phenomenon is not uncommon nowadays. 2 Objective factors that contribute to traffic jams in metropolis include a large volume of vehicles, a sharp increase in new cars and relatively slow expansion of roads, unreasonable layout of the city and poor traffic management, etc. 3 Compared with the objective factors, subjective factors need to be paid more attention to. 4 After a careful observation, you will see most of the car drivers in the picture have not obeyed the traffic regulations. 3
To alleviate traffic jams, some measures need to be taken. 5 One way is to develop a fast and efficient public transport system, such as urban railways, commuting buses, bicycles, etc. Another way is for employers to adopt flexi-time, which lets employees avoid the rush-hour traffic. Still another way is to enhance drivers’ and other citizens’ traffic awareness. Only by joint efforts can the problem of urban traffic congestion be solved gradually. 6
多么糟的交通状况!这幅漫画描述了街上糟糕的交通堵塞场景。众多车辆拥堵在交通信号灯周围,以至于它们被挤压变形了。实际上,这里与其说是一条街道,还不如说是一个停车场。
虽然这幅图有点夸张,但是这种现象在今天并不罕见。造成大城市交通堵塞的客观因素包括巨大的汽车保有量、新车数量的剧增、道路扩展的相对落后、不合理的城市规划和落后的交通管理等。与这些客观因素相比,主观因素更不容忽视。仔细观察就会发现,图画中大部分司机都没有遵守交通规则。
为了缓解交通堵塞,我们需要采取一些措施。一种方法是发展快速有效的公共交通系统,比如城铁、通勤班车、自行车等。另一种方法是雇主们可以采取弹性工作时间制,这样员工就可以避免在上下班高峰期出行。还有一种方法是增强司机和市民的交通意识。只有共同努力,城市交通拥堵问题才能逐渐得到解决。
范文点评
1. 开篇描述图片的内容,通过比喻句的使用突出城市交通堵塞问题的严重性。
2. 自然过渡,引出下文对城市交通拥堵的原因分析,紧扣作文话题。
3. 从客观和主观两个方面分析造成交通拥堵的原因,条理清晰。
4. 采用对比论证,恰如其分,同时也体现了论证方法的多样性。
5. 针对原因,提出三种缓解交通拥堵的方法,方法切实可行。
6. 末句总结全文,重申观点,指出只有通过共同努力才能解决交通堵塞问题。
要点用法
scenario n. 场景
congest v. 充满;拥挤
squeeze v. 挤压
exaggerated adj. 夸张的
contribute to 促成
traffic jams 交通堵塞
metropolis n. 大都市
traffic regulations 交通规则
alleviate v. 减轻,缓和
commuting bus 通勤车
flexi-time 弹性工作制
句法点评
1. How terrible the traffic is!
首句采用感叹句,起到了吸引读者注意力的作用,且突出了问题的严重性。
2. Exaggerated as it is, the phenomenon is not uncommon nowadays.
该复合句的从句使用了倒装句句式,结构灵活多变;主句使用双重否定句,在增强语气的同时,丰富了句式结构。