因果(后接原因)：

=〉因为：owing to; in respect that; on account of; due to; for the reason that; since; for; may account for;

=〉由……导致：as a consequence / result of; is the result of; derive from; result from; be a response to;

因果(后接结果)：

=〉导致：result in; be responsible for; attributable to/ attribute to; contribute to~; lead to; cause; give birth to; give rise to; serve to;

=〉故此：hence; therefore; thereby+现在分词; thus; as a result; so that;

eventually; correspondingly; accordingly; consequently; resultingly; namely;

=〉为了：so as to; for the purpose of; for the sake of; in an attempt to; in efforts to;

弱因果(考虑到)：

=>for fear of; bearing in mind; be blamed on;

=>considering; in consideration of; knowing;

=>in face of (such limited evidence); in light of; in view of; in favor of; concern with; in terms of;

=>object to;

关于：

in relation to; with respect to; with regard to; with/in reference to;

within the context of;

with the guise of(在伪装下);

常用点缀小副词：

=〉事实上：in itself; actually; in fact; in reality; realistically;as a matter of fact; more prosaically;

=〉程度：highly; greatly; inescapably; to some extent; somewhat; thoroughly; seriously; spectacularly; indeed; undoubtedly; certainly; completely; wholly; in many cases; it is save to say;

=〉其它：comparatively; relatively; relevantly; as to; ideally; presumably;

转折：

nonetheless; nevertheless; in spite of; whereas; instead; conversely; however;

对比：

in contrast; as compared to; in comparison with; at the same time;

differentiate between ~ and ~; differentiate ~ from ~;

让步：

take it for granted; grantedly; granted that ;

Now that; as though; after all; even if; even assuming; despite; to the extent that this is the case; appear; seem; while this may be true in some cases, it is equally possible that~;

递进：

furthermore; in addition/additionally; besides; moreover; what really matters/counts is; what is more; let alone; particularly; most importantly; _is even more_;

等同：

equate ~with~; amount to; likewise; in like manner; similarly; in other words; that is to say; along with; in combination; in the same way;

Coincide with;

其它常用词汇：

举例：

for instance; for example; such as; consider the fact that;

立即：

immediately; for the time being; in no time; on the spot;

鉴于此：

for that matter; in that case; for that reason; as for;

可能不是这样：

(unfortunately)

=>this is not necessarily the case;

this is often/certainly not the case;

this might not be the case;

this need not be the case;

common sense and experience tell us this is not the case/this assumption is a poor one;

=>the argument fails to substantiate this assumption;

perhaps ~that have nothing to do with~;

this argument by analogy is wholly unpersuasive;

this argument, nonetheless, is based on an oversimplified analysis of the cause of~ and the presumptuous correlation is unacceptable;

=>although this is entirely possible, the argument provides no evidence to support this assumption;

if this is not the case, then it is entirely possible that~;

lacking evidence to confirm this assumption, it is entirely possible that ~;

应该：

would have to; should; ought to; must; have to; be required to; would be;

根据总体的趋势：

overall group of~; in general; as a whole; on the whole;

断言：

assert; claim; postulate; declare; affirm; emphasize; advocate;

反映：

indicate; reveal; reflect; demonstrate; imply; illustrate; infer; predict;

可能性：

possibility; likelihood (in all likelihood); alternative/alternative means of ~; explanation; occurence; validity; legitimacy; credibility;

可行性：

feasibility;

好：

vital; crucial; essential; overriding; significant; profound; play a key role; potency;

逻辑好：

=〉valid; feasible;

=〉sound; forceful; reliable; convincing; effective;

=〉persuasive; compelling; credible;

好(副词)：

necessarily; justifiably; confidently; reasonably;

逻辑不好：

=〉unwarranted; unsubstantiated; unreliable; unjustified; unfounded;

without justification/warrant; premature; poor; vulnerable; indefensible; groundless; reachless

=〉dubious; open to doubt; questionable; suspectable; problematic; which render it unconvincing as it stands/which render it wholly unpersuasive;

=〉insufficiently; atypical /exceptional; oversimplified;

=〉fallacious; flawed;

=〉plausible; gratuitous;

不好(副词)：

unfairly; “好”的副词前面加一个can not/could not

面临：

confront; encounter; witness;

限制：

Restrict; circumscribe; confine; limit;

表面上：

on the surface; superficially; ostensibly; apparently;

具体的：

concrete; specific; detailed; particular; definite; informative;

加快促进：

accelerate; facilitate; advance; boost;

支持：

substantiate; bolster; justify; solidify; support; strengthen; validate; in favor of; in support of;

否定：

=>fail;

=>miss; neglect; in ignorance of; is hardly suffice to / do not suffice to; suggest nothing about;

=> refute; undermine; deny; refuse; weaken;

按照原文的假设/推断：

rest on; rely on; depend on; base on; on the basis of;

upon which the argument depends;

upon which the argument rest;

upon which the argument relies;

只要：

so long as ; so far as; only if; insofar; subject to the proviso;

不管：

no matter what; irrespective of whether/~; regardless of; whatsoever;

(忽略了)把某因素考虑进去：

(fail to; omit to); take ~ into account/ consideration; give an insight into; account for(解释);

considering and weighing; considering and ruling out/eliminate;

weighing ~ against alternatives/~;

concerning;

缺少：in the absence of; for lack of; lacking; a lack of; in short of;

不足：scant;

仅仅：mere; only; nothing more than;

足够的：sufficient;

很多大量：a myriad of; a variety of; a multitude of; numerous; a large amount of; a great deal of;

过度：undue; exceedingly; excessive; overstate; overemphasize;

不断增长：growing; increasing; quickening;

伴随：

along with; keep pace with; consistent with; in harmony with; cope with; in accordance with; in conjunction with;

serve as catalyst which will foster~;

逻辑：

reasoning; way of thinking; line of reasoning; analysis;

倾向：be less prone to;

在成长路上：in one’s course of growth;

富人：haves 穷人：have-not

提建议时说作者需要：a more complete understanding of_;

天生的：by nature; inherited; inherent; intrinsic; in origin; innate;

供需关系：supply and demand;

方面：

angles; aspect; facet; side; viewpoint;

in all respects; in many fields;

highlight an aspect of;

in all likelihood;

获得：

acquire; gain; attain; achieve; pursue;

影响;

interfere with~;

have/exert a profound influence on life/personality;

have a dramatic/undesirable effect on;

满足：

meet; satisfy; accommodate the demand of; be accustomed to;

很明显的：

it is conceivable/ obvious/ apparent;

conspicuous; strikingly; notably;

类比： apply specifically/equally to;

同等甚至更多：commensurably, or perhaps even more;

一系列:

a series of; in a row;

好像、可能：

likely; possible; probably; perhaps; as though; maybe; may; might;

解决方案：

solution; approach; recipe; scheme