Prune Skin

当在浴缸中浸泡过久后，我们的皮肤表层(表皮)吸收了一定水分，于是我们的肌肤看起来就会像老太太的一样了。手和脚的皮肤比身体其他部分的皮肤略厚，所以它们的变化也更引人注目。当表皮扩张时，它下面的组织——真皮是不会变化的，所以只是表皮发生局部变形。

At some time we’ve all probably taken a long bath, or been in the pool for a while, and then noticed that parts of the palms of our hands and the bottoms of our feet become wrinkled. This Moment of Science answers two questions about this: why does it happen, and why doesn’t our whole body wrinkle like that?

The answer lies in the structure of our skin, and that it’s not the same all over. The outer layer of skin, the epidermis, on our palms and the soles of our feet is thicker than the skin on the rest of our body. When we soak in water the epidermis all over our body absorbs some water and swells. Because the skin on our palms and soles is thicker it can absorb more water, and therefore swells more.

That seems simple enough, but why do the ends of our fingers and toes wrinkle up like prunes and not the rest of us? Most of our skin absorbs water and swells rather evenly, but there is something different about the ends of our toes and fingers: there is a nail on one side.The ends of the fingers and toes can’t swell toward the nails, so the skin bunches up opposite the nails on the palm side of our fingers, and the sole side of our toes. This bunching up of the skin gives us the wrinkles–prune skin.