托福备考语法指导:从属连词及真题要点解析
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      托福考试语法指导:从属连词及真题要点解析

     

      复合句是TOEEL考题的基本句子结构,因而连接主句和从句的连接词就成为重要的命题焦点。TOEEL常考的从属连词分三类:(1)关系代词( that, which ,what who. Whose) (2) 关系副词(where when why how) (3) 状语从句连接词 (where, when, if, though, because…) 有关从属连词的试题大部分集中在Structure (1-15题中) 掌握命题规律,这类题目并不复杂。

     

      从属连词常考题型及解题要点

     

      1. 主句与从句之间必须有从属连词

     

      全真例题分析

     

      (1)The spiral threads of a spider*s web have a sticky substance on them ------- insects。

      (A) traps

      (B) trap its

      (C) which traps

      (D) which it traps (92.1)

     

      [答案] C 定语从句关系代词which引导从句,且在从句中作主语。

     

      (2)Angiosperms inhabit relatively diverse environments and may be found ------- higher plants can survive。

      (A) there

      (B) wherever

      (C) somewhere

      (D) then (92.5)

     

      [答案] B 空格前后为两个完整的句子,这里应填入连接词联系主从两句。四个选择只有wherever是连词,引导地点状语从句。

     

      (3)Duke Wellington was a composer. Conductor, and pianist ------ ranked as one of the greatest of all jazz figures。

      (A) him

      (B) although

      (C) or

      (D) who (92.10)

     

      [答案] D 关系代词who引导定语从句,并作从句的主语。

     

      (4)-------。 Some of the Earth*s interior heat escapes to the surface。

      (A) A volcano erupts

      (B) A volcano whether erupts

      (C) A volcano erupts it

      (D) If a volcano erupts (93.5)

     

      [答案] D 从属连词引导条件状语从句。

     

      2. 关系代词 who与which混淆错用

     

      解题要点:在written Expression (16-40题)中的四个选择答案中出现who 或者which,应确认它所指代的是人还是物。

     

      全直例题分析

     

      (1)Fossil remains indicate that squidlike creatures called belemnites swam in the sea who covered the North American continent 70 million years ago. (94.5)

      [答案] C 关系代词who指代的是sea,因此应用指物的which或that。

     

      (2)Vaccines for some rare diseases are given only to persons which risk exposure to the disease. (93.1)

      [答案] B 关系代词which指代前面的persons,应改为人称关系代词who。

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