171. Then there is the general, all-covering apology, which avoids the necessity of identifying a specific act that was particularly hurtful or insulting, and which the person who is apologizing should promise never to do again.
译文
还有一种笼统而全面的道歉方式,它可以避免谈及具体的特别伤人或辱人的言行,而这些言行正是道歉者应该保证不再发生的。点睛
本句的主干是there is the...apology。两个which分别引导两个定语从句,其中,第一个定语从句中又有that引导的定语从句,修饰act;第二个定语从句中又有who引导的定语从句,修饰person。necessity意为“必要性;需要;必然;必需品”。如:
Necessity is the mother of invention. 需要是发明之母。
insulting意为“侮辱的”。如:
After receiving the insulting letter, he became furious. 他收到辱骂信后怒不可遏。
考点归纳
specific,particular,special都表示“特殊的”,三者的区别在于:specific意为“特殊的;明确的;具有特效的”,强调“具体的;特定的”之意。如:
1) She says she'll come, but I can't nail her down to a specific time. 她说她会来,我却无法让她说出确切的时间。
2) There is a specific tool for each job. 各工种配有特定的工具。
particular意为“特别的;独有的”,强调“与众不同的”之意。如:
1) There was nothing in the letter of particular importance. 这封信里没有提什么特别重要的事。
2) The teacher showed particular concern for the disabled child. 老师对那个残疾儿童给予了特别的关爱。
special意为“特别的;专门的”,强调主观上的特别对待。如:
This is a special case, deserving special treatment. 这是个特殊的案例,应该特殊对待。