20. 人口老龄化
Population ageing is a phenomenon that occurs when the median age rises in a country or region. The reason of it may be rising life expectancy and/or declining birth rates. In Asia and Europe, a significant number of countries will be confronted with population ageing in the near future. The population ageing has a considerable effect on the economy. Older people have more savings than younger people. However, older people spend less on goods. As a result, an ageing population may thus lead to lower interest rates.
人口老龄化（population ageing）是一个国家或地区年龄中值（median age）上升时出现的现象。其原因可能是人口寿命（life expectancy）的延长和/或出生率的下降。在不久的将来，亚洲和欧洲两个地区将有相当数量的国家面临人口老龄化问题。人口老龄化对经济造成的影响是相当大的。老年人比年轻人拥有更多的人均积蓄，但老年人在商品消费上花费较少。老龄化人口因此可能导致更低的利率。
