(一)历史、文化类
中华文明 Chinese civilization
文明摇篮 cradle of civilization
华夏祖先 the Chinese ancestors
秦始皇帝 First Emperor,Emperor Chin
皇太后 Empress Dowager
汉高祖刘邦 founder of the Han Dynasty(206BC-220AD)
成吉思汗 Genghis Khan;Temujin
夏朝 the Xia Dynasty
明清两代 the Ming and Qing Dynasties
地名:特别注意四川和陕西拼法
四川 Sichuan,Szechwan,Szechuan
陕西 Shaanxi
四大发明 the four great inventions of ancient China
火药 gunpowder
印刷术 printing
造纸术 paper-making
指南针 the compass
汉字 Chinese character
单音节 single syllable
汉语四声调 the four tones of Chinese characters
阳平 level tone
阴平 rising tone
上声 falling-rising tone
去声 falling tone
四书 the Four Books
《大学》 The Great Learning
《中庸》 The Doctrine of the Mean
《论语》 The Analects of Confucius
《孟子》 The Mencius
《春秋》 the Spring and Autumn Annals
《史记》 Historical Records
《诗经》 The Book of Songs;The Book of Odes
《书经》/《尚书》 The Book of History
《易经》 I Ching;The Book of Changes
《礼记》 The Book of Rites
《孝经》 Book of Filial Piety
《孙子兵法》 The Art of War
《三字经》 The Three-Character Scripture;The Three-Word Chant
《三国演义》 Three Kingdoms
《西游记》 Journey to the West;Pilgrimage to the West
《红楼梦》 Dream of the Red Mansions
《山海经》 The Classic of Mountains and Rivers
《资治通鉴》 History as a Mirror;Comprehensive History Retold as a Mirror for Rulers
《西厢记》 The Romance of West Chamber
《水浒传》 Heroes of the Marshes;Tales of the Water Margin
《聊斋志异》 Strange Tales of a Lonely Studio;Strange Tales from Make-Do Studio
《围城》 Fortress Besieged
《阿Q正传》 The True Story of Ah Q
五言绝句 five-character quatrain
七言律诗 seven-character octave
八股文 eight-part essay;stereotyped writing
重要文化遗产 major cultural heritage
优秀民间艺术 outstanding folk arts
文物 cultural relics
中国画 traditional Chinese painting
书法 calligraphy
水墨画 Chinese brush painting;ink and wash painting
工笔 traditional Chinese realistic painting
中国结 Chinese knot
旗袍 Cheongsam
中山装 Chinese tunic suit
唐装 traditional Chinese garments(clothing);Tang suit
朝廷使者 royal court envoy
文人 men of letters
雅士 refined scholars
表演艺术 performing art
流行艺术 popular art;pop art
纯艺术 high art
高雅艺术 refined art
电影艺术 cinematographic art
踩高跷 stilt walk
哑剧 pantomime;mime
哑剧演员 pantomimist
戏剧小品 skit
马戏 circus show
单口相声 monologue comic talk;standup comedy
特技表演 stunt
相声 witty dialogue comedy;comic crosstalk
杂技 acrobatics
京韵大鼓 the traditional story-telling in Beijing dialect with drum accompaniment
戏剧艺术 theatrical art
才子佳人 gifted scholars and beautiful ladies
生(男性正面角色)male(the positive male role)
旦(女性正面角色)female(the positivefemale role)
净(性格鲜明的男性配角)a supportingmale role with striking character
丑(幽默滑稽或反面角色)a clown or anegative role
花脸 painted role
歌舞喜剧 musical
滑稽场面,搞笑噱头 shtick
滑稽短剧 skit
京剧人物脸谱 Peking Opera Mask
皮影戏 shadow play;leather-silhouetteshow
说书 story-telling
叠罗汉 make a human pyramid
折子戏 opera highlights
秦腔 Shaanxi opera
武术 martial art
功夫 kung fu
武术门派 styles or schools of martial art
习武健身 practice martial art for fitness
气功 qigong;deep breathing exercises
拳击 boxing
篆刻 seal cutting upriteous
工艺,手艺 workmanship;craftsmanship
卷轴 scroll
蜡染 batik
泥人 clay figure
漆画 lacquer painting
唐三彩 trio-colored glazed pottery ofthe tang Dynasty
景泰蓝 cloisonné
文房四宝 the four stationery treasuresof the Chinese study—a writingbrush,an ink stick,an ink stone andpaper
民间传说 folklores
寓言 fable
传说 legend
神话 mythology
古为今用,洋为中用 make the past servethe present and the foreign serve China
赋诗 inscribe a poem
对对联 matching an antithetical couplet
阳历 solar calendar
公历 Gregorian calendar
阴历 lunar calendar
天干 heavenly stem
地支 earthly branch
闰年 leap year
二十四节气 the twenty-four solar terms
十二生肖 the twelve Chinese zodiac signs
本命年 one's year of birth considered in relation to the 12 Terrestrial Branches
传统节日 traditional holidays
春节 the Spring Festival
元宵节 the Lantern Festival(15th day of the first lunar month)
清明节 the Tomb-sweeping Day(April the 5th)
端午节 the Dragon Boat Festival(5th of the fifth lunar month)
中秋节 the Mid-Autumn Day(15th of the eight lunar month)
重阳节 the Double Ninth Day;the AgedDay
古文明研究中心 Research Center for Ancient Civilizations
中外学者 Chinese and overseas scholars
考古学家 archaeologists
人类学家 anthropologist
历史学家 historian
地理学家 geographer
