一、 文章开头型句
文章开始有几种方法，第一种是表达一种多数人的观点而开始作文，这种方法有以下几种句型：
1. When asked about…, most people say
2. When it comes to …, some people think
3. There is a public debate today
4. Now, it is widely believed
5. Many of us believe that
6. To the general public
7. Now a lot of people feel
8. In reaction to the idea, come people say
9. … is a common way of …, but is it a wise one
10. These days we often hear about
11. We are often shown these days
还有一种是以一种社会现象开始，可以这么说：
1. Recently the phenomenon has aroused wide concern
2. Recently the problem has been brought into focus
3. Many nations have been faced with the problem
4. One of the searching questions facing our world is
5. One of the biggest issues many people talk about is
6. Now most dangerous for our society is
7. Inflation is another bitter truth we have to face now
8. An acute shortage of … is now under way
9. Here and there across the country
10.Now in many big cities
11.With the rapid development of …
12.Nowadays there is a growing tendency
13.In recent few years there is a sudden increase
当我们把现象或是观点表达结束后，就要亮出自己的观点了，怎么说呢?
1. Nothing is more dangerous than
2. Nowhere in history has the issue been more visible
3. It is time we exploded the myth
4. Perhaps we should rethink the idea
5. Now people are beginning to realize
6. Now there is a growing awareness
7. We might marvel at the progress
大段阐述时，我们可以采用对比的方法，通过现象，事物，观点的对比来突出论题：
1. People used to think …. But things are different
2. Several years age, people …. Now
3. After a good many years of efforts …, people begin
4. It is a traditional way to …. But now the pendulum
5. Throughout our lives
6. In recent years, there is a steady shift
好的开始要有好的结尾相称。千万不要虎头蛇尾，结尾也有几种方式：
I. 我们可以作出结论：
1. From what has been discussed above, we may draw the conclusion
2. The evidence upon all sides points to
3. In summary, it is important
4. In conclusion, I would like to say
5. The real lesson to be learnt
II. 我们也可以做出警示：
1. We must search for a quick action, because if
2. Obviously, if we ignore the problem, it is likely
3. Any person to take a second look at …, otherwise
III. 我们可以动员大家：
1. It might be time to take the warning
2. It is time that we urged an end to
3. It is necessary that steps should be taken
4. There is no doubt that attention must be paid
5. Obviously …. If we are to …, it is essential
IV. 我们也可以提出建议：
1. It is hoped that efforts be made
2. In short, we should
3. What we need is
4. It is high time …. Here are a few examples
5. While it cannot be solved immediately, still there are ways
6. Awareness of the problem is the first step
7. If we are to succeed as a people,
V. 我们更可以阐述其意义：
1. Following these methods may not …, but the pay-off might be worth the effort
2. Certainly, … but is will
3. The importance cannot be overemphasized
4. Anyhow it has a far-reaching influence
5. To participate in ….is an experience
6. The problem is something no one can avoid
7. We are now entering a new era which calls for
8. Anyhow, whether it is good or not, one thing is certain
二、 作文中最不可或缺的是承上启下的句子了，他关系到作文的骨架是否健康，舒服，有三种承上启下的方式：
I. 承上阐述
1. To understand the truth of …, it is important to see
2. To get a sense of how …, we must turn first to
3. To illustrate this point, let us consider
4. A study of … will make this point clear
5. But you may ask
6. But if
II. 深入阐述
1. But that’s only part of the story
2. Another equally important aspect is
3. Closely connected with this is
4. … may further be supported by
5. … is but one of many effects. Another is
6. Besides, other ways are
7. Moreover
8. … is also harmful
9. So does
10.No less important
11.Not only … but also
III. 反面阐述
1. Despite the difficulty
2. On the other hand,
3. However…
4. Rather than
5. But the opposite is usually true
