315. The challenges include the fact that most people can expect to spend a third of their lives in retirement, that there are now more people over 59 than under 16 and that 11.3 million people are over state pension age.
译文
这些挑战包括一个事实,即大多数人一生中预计有三分之一的时光将在退休状态中度过,目前59岁以上的人比16岁以下的人要多,而超过国家养老金领取年龄的人数有1130万之多。点睛
本句的主干为the challenges include the fact,三个that引导的是fact的并列的同位语从句。expect意为“预料,期待”;比较结构more...than...比较了59岁以上以及16岁以下人群的数量;pension意为“退休金,养老金”。考点归纳
spend,cost,take都可以表示“花费”,但用法却不尽相同:spend的主语是人,常用于以下结构:spend time/money on sth./(in) doing sth. 在……上花费时间/金钱。如:
I spent two hours on this maths problem. 这道数学题花了我两个小时。
They spent several years (in) building this museum. 建造该博物馆花了他们几年的时间。
cost的主语是物或某种活动,表示“花费(某人)(金钱或时间)”。如:
A new computer costs a lot of money. 买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。
Remembering these new words cost me a lot of time. 我花了大量时间才记住这些单词。
It takes sb. some time to do sth.以及doing sth. takes sb. some time都可以表示“做某事花了某人多少时间”。如:
It took them three years to build this road. 他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。
Repairing this car took him the whole afternoon. 他花了一整个下午修车。