Experimental pharmacology
These studies determine whether the drug has the desired profile of action in model systems. The models are selected to provide as reliable an index of efficacy in man as possible.
实验药理学
这些研究将确定该药在模型系统中是否具有预期的作用。模型的选择应尽可能使其提供可信的人体功效指标。
Several models are usually employed. The models may be simple or complex and include:
(1) Cell cultures or bacteria;
(2) Partially purified enzymes or subcellular particles;
(3) Isolated tissues;
(4) Perfused organs;
(5) Intact animals from mice to primates.
以下是几种常用模型，简单型和复杂型兼而有之：
(1)细胞培养或细菌培养;
⑵部分提纯的酶或亚细胞粒子;
⑴离体组织;
⑷灌注器官;
(5)从小鼠到灵长类的正常无损伤动物。
The object is to identify therapeutically useful pharmacological activity and to characterize these actions using established models and drugs of known action.
When drugs with specific actions on enzymes or receptors are being studied, relatively simple cell free systems or isolated tissue preparations can be used3. When poorly characterized subjective actions are sought, particularly involving behavioral effects, it may be necessary to perform tests in conscious intact animals.
该目标旨在确立其在治疗上具备有效的药理学作用，并通过使甩已知模型和疗效确定的药物来描述这些作用。
在研究药物对酶或受体的特异性效用时，可选择相对简单的、较为独立的系统或组织施药。如果将特征不明显的主观行为作为研究对象，特别是涉及行为效果时，则有必要在意识健全的动物身上进行试验。
