小升初英语基本语法与练习六 简单句
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      小升初英语基本语法与练习六 简单句

      知识要点

      根据句子的结构,英语的句子可分为简单句、并列句和复合句。简单句的基本形式是由一个主语加一个谓语构成。其它各种句子形式都是由此句型发展而来。

      1)简单句的五种基本句型

      1. 主语+谓语(不及物动词) [S + V] 如:The children are playing happily.

      2. 主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语 [S+V+O] 如:The Greens enjoy living in China.

      3. 主语+谓语+表语 [S+V+P]

      该句型谓语动词为连系动词。常见的系动词有:be(是); get(变得), become(成为), turn(变得), look(看起来), feel(感到), smell(闻起来), taste(尝起来), sound(听起来), seem(似乎) 等The apple pie tastes really delicious.

      4. 主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语 [S+V+InO+DO]

      这种句型中的及物动词后跟双宾语,既指人的间接宾语和指物的直接宾语。也可以把间接宾语放在直接宾语之后,但要加介词for或to。如:

      ① My aunt bought me a computer. = My aunt bought a computer for me.

      ② I passed him the salt. = I passed the salt to him.

      5. 主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语 [S+V+O+OC] We must keep our school clean.

      练习:

      用五个英语的基本句型各造3个英语句子

      1.[S + V]

      ________________________________________________________________

      2. [S+V+O]

      ________________________________________________________________

      3.[S+V+P ________________________________________________________________

      4.[S+V+InO+DO] ________________________________________________________________

      5.[S+V+O+OC]

      ________________________________________________________________

      2)一般疑问句

      一般疑问句对全句提出疑问,用yes或no回答。其结构为:be动词(is, am, was, were)或情态动词(can, will, shall)或助动词(do, does, did)+主语+其他?通常译为"...吗?"如:Are you a student? Can you sing an English song? Did they watch TV last night?

      练习:

      I. 将下列句子改为一般疑问句。1-4句作肯定回答,5-8句作否定回答。

      1. My sister is older than Mary.

      ____________________________________________________________

      2. They like collecting leaves.

      ____________________________________________________________

      3. Mr Green was here yesterday.

      ____________________________________________________________

      4. We took lots of pictures last week.

      ____________________________________________________________

      5. Jim does well in English.

      ____________________________________________________________

      6. She can sing and dance.

      ____________________________________________________________

      7. There are some sheep on the hill.

      ____________________________________________________________

      II.根据所给答语,选择相应的问句。

      ( )1.Yes, I do. A. Is it time to have a lesson?

      ( )2. No, you can't. B. Do you often go to the supermarket ?

      ( )3. No, she isn't. C. Are their friends from different countries?

      ( )4. Yes, they are. D. Is Nancy a Japanese girl?

      ( )5. No, it's time to have a rest. E. Can I play the piano now?

      ( )6. No, he didn't. F. Did Sam run faster than Tom three years ago?

      III. 根据实际情况回答问题。

      1. Are you a student?

      ________________________________________

      2. Is your mum a nurse?

      ________________________________________

      3. Do you like English?

      ________________________________________

      4. Are there any Japanese students in your school?

      ________________________________________

      5. Would you like some apples?

      ________________________________________

      知识要点

      3)特殊疑问句

      特殊疑问句由特殊疑问词引导,针对句子中的某一个具体部分提问,要求作具体回答。特殊疑问句的结构一般是:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句语序?我们所用的"对划线部分提问"的题目就是将陈述句转变为特殊疑问句。

      练习:

      对下列句中画线部分内容提问。

      1. Her uncle is John.

      ________________________________________________.

      2. Her uncle's name is John.

      ________________________________________________.

      3. They go to school at about 7:00 every morning.

      _______________________________________________.

      4. My father is a driver.

      _______________________________________________.

      5. They are going to fly kites in the park.

      _______________________________________________.

      6. It's about four kilometers away from here.

      _______________________________________________.

      7. My father is cleaning the car.

      _______________________________________________.

      8. The woman in the car is my aunt.

      _______________________________________________.

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