名词是表示人、事物、地点、现象及其他抽象概念等名称的词。英语中的名词有可数名词和不可数名词之分；有其所有格形式；在句子中通常作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语等。

02-5 名词的修饰语

1.只修饰可数名词的词

①few很少；几乎没有。I have few friends here.我这儿几乎没有朋友。

②a few一些；有几个。After a few tries they gave up.试过几次之后他们就放弃了。

③quite a few相当多。Quite a few of the students were late。不少学生迟到了。

④several几个；数个；至少三个。My brother has several toys at home.我哥哥有几个玩具在家里。

⑤many许多；很多。There are many people in the park.公园里有许多人。

⑥a number of很多；若干。They found a number of wild animals in the forest.他们在森林里发现了很多野生动物。

2.只修饰不可数名词的词

①little很少；几乎没有。Hurry up.There is little time left.快点，几乎没有时间了。

②a little一些；少量。She can speak a little French.她会说一些法语。

③much许多。I have much housework to do on weekends.周末我有许多家务要做。

④a bit of一点儿；有点儿。He knows a bit of Russian.他懂点儿俄语。

⑤a great deal of很多。He has given me a great deal of help.他给了我很多帮助。

⑥a large/small amount of大量的/少量的。He has spent a large amount of money on his new house.他在新房子上花费了许多钱。

3.既可修饰可数名词，又可修饰不可数名词的词

①some/any一些。I have some questions to ask you.我有一些问题要问你，

Is there any water in the river？河里有水吗？

②a lot of/lots of很多。There are a lot of/lots of people in that room.那个房间里有许多人。

There's a lot of/lots of rice in the bag.那只口袋里有许多大米。

③plenty of充足的。There are plenty of eggs in the fridge.冰箱里有足够的鸡蛋。

He has plenty of money to buy the house.他有足够的钱买那套房子。

④enough足够的。There are enough glasses for all of us.有足够的杯子供我们大家使用。

We have enough time to finish the work.我们有足够的时间来完成这项工作。

⑤most多数；大部分。Most students have seen the TV play.多数学生看过那部电视剧。

Most rice was eaten by the man.大部分米饭被那个人吃了。

4.名词的其他修饰语

名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、句子等都可以用作定语修饰名词。

（1）名词作定语修饰名词。

a stone table一张石桌；a shoe factory一家鞋厂；a girl student一个女学生

注意：

名词作定语修饰名词通常用单数形式，man，woman作定语修饰单数名词用单数，修饰复数名词要用复数形式；sport作定语总是用复数形式。如：

a man teacher一位男教师；a woman singer一名女歌手；sports field运动场；sports shoes运动鞋；sports meeting运动会

They are women doctors.她们是女医生。

（2）形容词作定语修饰名词。形容词作定语修饰名词位于名词之前。

a beautiful park一个美丽的公园；an old man一位老人；a good film一部好电影

注意：

一些名词由特定的形容词修饰，不可张冠李戴。

①population人口。表示人口多用形容词large修饰，表示人口少用形容词small修饰，而不用many表示人口多，或little表示人口少。如：

Ten thousand years ago，the world's population was very small.一万年前，世界上人口很少。

②people人；人们。表示人多用many，人少用few。如：

Many people took part in the sports meeting.许多人参加了运动会。

③wind风。形容风大用strong。如：

The strong wind blew away their most things.大风刮走了他们的大部分东西。

④rain雨；snow雪。形容雨、雪大用heavy。如：

It seems as if there will be a heavy rain soon.看来要下大雨了。

We couldn't see the road clearly because of the heavy snow.由于大雪我们看不清道路。

（3）副词作定语修饰名词。副词作定语修饰名词时，常将副词置于名词后。

the weather here这儿的天气；the girls there那儿的那些女孩；the pictures below下面的图画；the questions above上面的问题

（4）介词短语作定语修饰名词。介词短语作定语修饰名词放在名词之后。

the books on the desk课桌上的书；a man with thick glasses戴深度眼镜的男子

（5）句子作定语修饰名词。用一个句子作定语修饰名词，这个句子被称为定语从句，定语从句位于它所修饰的名词之后。（详见定语从句一章）

The person who is standing there is my uncle.站在那儿的那个人是我的叔叔。

【中考速递】

1.[海南中考考题] There's little _____ left at home.Go and buy some，dear.

A.carrots B.potatoes C.rice

2.[黑龙江绥化中考考题] We can see many _____ on the hill in the picture.

A.sheeps B.sheep C.horse

3.[山东菏泽中考考题] My teacher gave me much _____ on how to study English well when I had some trouble.

A.advice B.question C.suggestion D.problem

【答案点拨】

1.答案：C 句意：家里没有大米了，去买一些吧，亲爱的。由空前的little可知这里用不可数名词，故选C。

2.答案：B 句意：在画中，我们能看到山上有许多绵羊。由空前的many可知这里用可数名词复数形式，sheep单复数同形，故选B。

3.答案：A 句意：当我有困难时，我的老师给了我许多怎样学好英语的建议。由空前的much可知这里用不可数名词，四个选项只有advice是不可数名词，故选A。

【语法专练 体验中考】

1.[云南昆明考题] Each couple in China can have two _____ from January 1st ，2016.

A.boy B.girl C.children D.child

2.[黑龙江绥化考题] Our school has fifty-six _____ teachers.

A.woman B.women C.woman's

3.[广西来宾考题] — There are many _____ about this farm.

— Yes，lots of _____ are planted on it.

A.photo；potato B.photos；potatos

C.photos；potatoes D.photoes；potatoes

4.[甘肃天水考题] There are many websites on the Internet and there _____ a lot of useful _____ on the websites.

A.are；informations B.are；information

C.is；information D.is；informations

5.[四川绵阳考题] He was born in Germany，but he has made China his _____.

A.family B.address C.house D.home

6.[重庆考题] It's sports time.Most _____ students in Class 1 are playing football on the playground.

A.boy B.boys C.boy's D.boys'

7.[新疆考题] This is _____ bedroom.It's tidy and nice.

A.Lily's and Lucy's B.Lily and Lucy's

C.Lily's and Lucy D.Lily and Lucy

8.[山东临沂考题] I live near the station.It's only about five _____ walk.

A.minute's B.minute C.minutes' D.minutes

9.[甘肃武威考题] We have a _____ holiday every National Day.

A.3 days B.3-days

C.3-day D.3 day's

10.[甘肃兰州考题] You paid ￥10 for _____ this morning.

A.4 bottle milks B.4 bottles of milk

C.4 bottles of milks D.4 milk

11.[湖南郴州考题] — _____ is coming.What can I get for my mother？

— What about a scarf？

A.Women's Day B.Woman's Day

C.Womens' Day

12.[湖南娄底考题] — Would you like some _____ for dinner？

— OK.

A.tomatos B.tomato C.tomatoes

13.[湖北黄石考题] — I'm told your class has 3 new comers.

— Yes.One is a _____，the other two are _____ .

A.Japan；Germany B.Japanese；German

C.Japanese；Germans D.Japanese；Germen

14.[贵州遵义考题] — Can I help you，madam？

— I want _____.

A.two boxes of apple B.two glass of water

C.two bowls of porridge

15.[宁夏考题] — Listen！Who is singing？

— It's Betty.She has a sweet _____.

A.sound B.voice C.noise D.speech

【答案速递】

1.C 2.B 3.C 4.C 5.D 6.A 7.B 8.C 9.C 10.B 11.A 12.C 13.C 14.C 15.B