四、现在分词的被动式

1.现在分词被动式的用法

（1）一般时的被动式：表示现在正在进行或与谓语动作同时发生的被动动作。

Who is the woman being operated on？ 正在动手术的女人是谁？

I saw him being taken away by the police.我看见他被警察带走。

（2）完成时的被动式：表示发生在谓语动词之前且已经完成的被动动作。

Having been written in a hurry，the book has many mistakes.

这书因写得仓促，所以错误不少。

Having been surrounded for a month，the enemy had to give in.

被包围一个月后，敌人不得不投降了。

2.现在分词被动式的句法作用

（1）作主语

Being lost can be a terrifying experience.迷路可能是一种很可怕的经历。

Being caught in a heavy traffic is quite an unpleasant thing.

交通拥挤堵车是相当讨厌的事情。

（2）作宾语

He can’t stand being kept waiting.让他等着，他可不干。

Do you like being stared at？ 你愿意人家盯着你看吗？

（3）作宾语补足语

I woke up to hear the bedroom door being opened slowly.

我醒来听见卧室门被慢慢推开了。

I found myself being drawn into another argument.我发现自己又卷入了另一场争论。

（4）作定语

Did you see that boy being questioned by the police？

你看见那个受到警察盘问的男孩了吗？

We are going to reduce the number of trees being cut down.

我们要减少树木的砍伐数量。

【提示】 having been done 只做状语，作定语时用done。

Having been ill for a long time，he needed time to recover.

由于病了很长时间，他需要一段时间恢复。（having been ill ...作状语）

He regretted the hours wasted in the woods.

他后悔在树林里浪费了几个小时。（wasted in the woods作定语，修饰the hours）

3.to be done，being done，done的区别

The house to be built next year is a cinema.

明年要建的那幢房子是家电影院。（to be built将要建）

The house being built now is a cinema.

现在正在建的房子是家电影院。（being built正在建）

The house built last year is a cinema.

去年建的那幢房子是家电影院。（built已经建）