托福听力中出现的修辞
教程:托福听力  浏览:358  
  • 提示:点击文章中的单词,就可以看到词义解释
    为了透彻理解TOEFL听力修辞语言的话外音,我们有必要对近年来TOEFL听力中出现的各种美语修辞手法做一个分析和总结,以有利于考生究其根本,从而顺利、快捷的解题。

    Hyperbole(夸张)

    试比较以下TOEFL听力短对话的两种回答方式:

    Have you asked your brother to do the dishes?

    1)Yes, many times.(很多遍了。)

    2)Yes, a thousand times.(无数次了。)

    很明显,第一种回答方式不如第二种生动,因为a thousand times(无数次)使用了Hyperbole(夸张)的修辞手法。Hyperbole一词源于希腊语的huperbole,意思是exceed(超过),是一种故意夸大其词(overstatement)或言过其实的修辞手法;其特点是对表达对象进行有违常识或不合逻辑的夸张性描写,以达到强烈的修辞效果。如:a river of tears (泪河)、a mountain of coal (煤山)、oceans of people (人海)...Hyperbole(夸张)在TOEFL听力中的运用也可谓炉火纯青。

    比如:

    1)You are my lifesaver.(你是我的“救命恩人”。)

    2)You are 100% right.(你“百分之百”的正确。)

    3)My back killed me.(我的腰痛的厉害。)

    4)You make me feel guilty. (你让我感觉像是在犯罪。)

    5)I haven't seen you for ages. (好久不见了呀!)

    6)I could sleep for a whole year. (我太困了。)

    7)We're all tired to death. (我们快累死了。)

    当然,除了TOEFL听力,Hyperbole(夸张)的修辞手法在英语语言文学中的经典范例不胜枚举:

    1)One father is more than a hundred schoolmasters. (George Herbert) (一个父亲的作用大于100个教师。)

    2)It's a crime to stay inside on such a beautiful day. (今天阳光明媚,躲在家中实在太遗憾了。)

    3)A drop of ink may make a million think.(George G Byron)(一滴墨水写成的文字可让千万人思索。)

    Simile(明喻)

    试比较以下两种TOEFL听力表达方式:

    1)He spent a lot of money.(他花了大笔的钱。)

    2)He spent a lot of money, like water.(他花钱如流水。)

    很明显,第二种表达方式比第一种更加生动和形象。因为like water(如流水)使用了Simile(明喻)的修辞手法,这样以来,无疑使语言更加精彩和完美,听力考试也不再单纯是一门考试,而变成了一种享受。Simile(明喻)一词源于拉丁语similes,其意为like(象)。他借助人们的想象力,使用一定的比喻词如:like, as等加以连接,从而清楚的表明两种事物之间的相似之处,使得表达更加新鲜有趣。其典型形式是A is like B.Simile(明喻)的修辞手法在TOEFL听力中的运用可谓炉火纯青。

    比如:(划线部分为明喻之处)

    1.Like引导

    1) He sweats like a pig.(他像猪一样流汗。)

    2) They slept like babies.(他们像婴儿一样熟睡着。)

    3) Living without an aim is like sailing without a compass.(John Ruskin)(生活没有目标犹如航行没有指南针。)

    4) Records fell like ripe apples on a windy day.(E.B. White)(被打破的记录犹如刮风天成熟的苹果——纷纷坠落。)

    2.As引导

    1)She is as beautiful as a flower.(她像花一样的美丽。)

    2)“I am as light as a feather, I am as happy as am angel, I am as merry as a schoolboy. I am as giddy as a drunken man...”(Charles Dickens)(我像羽毛一样轻,我像天使一样幸福,我像小学生一样快活,我像喝醉了酒的人一样飘飘然……)

    3)The first time I read an excellent book, it is to me as if I had gained a new friend.

    (我头一回读到一本好书,对我来说好象交了一位新朋友。)

    注意:As引导的as...as结构在英语中得到了广泛应用,若能在口语交流或各种作文考试(如:TWE等)中用上一个,定会得到意想不到的效果,常用的as结构有:

    (as) firm as a rock坚如磐石

    (as) light as a feather轻如鸿毛

    (as) close as an oyster守口如瓶

    (as) mute as a fish噤若寒蝉

    (as) strong as a horse强壮如牛

    (as) cool as a cucumber泰然自若

    (as) sober as a judge十分清醒

    (as) sure as a gun千真万确

    0/0
      上一篇:托福听力要学会恰当放弃 下一篇:托福听力中常考的20个短句

      本周热门

      受欢迎的教程

      下载听力课堂手机客户端
      随时随地练听力!(可离线学英语)