解决托福阅读长难句的第一步是简化句子。简化句子最为有效的方法就是找到句子的主谓宾结构。我们通过一个例子来看看如何简化长难句。
A few art collectors Tames Bowdoin of Boston, William Byrd of Virginia, and the Aliens and Hamiltons of Philadelphia introduced European art traditions to those colonists privileged to visit their galleries,especially aspiring artists,and established in their respective communities the idea of the value of art and the need for institutions devoted to its encouragement.
这个句子很长，但是如果我们找到句子的主干以后就可以将其简化成下面的句子：
A few art collectors introduced European art traditions to those colonists and established in their respective communities the idea and the need.
这样看起来整个句子是不是一目了然非常好理解了。其实只要抓住句子的主谓宾结构，就可以迅速将句子简化，了接句子的大意。但是这样还不够，接下来还有一步。
2. 还原
简化过后我们可以迅速了接文章的大意，但是却缺失了修饰成分，想要全面了解句意，我们要还要将句子的修饰成分归还给各个修饰成分。举个简单的例子，这个定语从句“This is an old computer that works much slower.”的主干就是“This is a computer”，但若是不将修饰成分加回来，我们就不知道这个电脑的状态是“old”，而且“works much slower”。所以完成了简化以后要将修饰成分归位更加全面地了解句意。
