46)This movement,driven by powerful and diverse motivations,built a nation out of a wilderness and,by its nature,shaped the character and destiny of an uncharted continent.
47)The United States is the product of two principal forces-the immigration of European people with their varied ideas,customs,and national characteristics and the impact of a new country which modified these traits.
48)But the force of geographic conditions peculiar to America,the interplay of the varied national groups upon one another,and the sheer difficulty of maintaining old-world ways in a raw,new continent caused significant changes.
49)The first shiploads of immigrants bound for the territory which is now the United States crossed the Atlantic more than a hundred years after the 15th- and -16th-century explorations of North American.
50)The virgin forest with its richness and variety of trees was a real treasure-house which extended from Maine all the way down to Georgia.
【题目解析】
46)本句重点词语:driven by在…的驱动下,by its nature从本质上,它的性质,
shape做动词当“塑造”讲。本句是一个由and连接的并列句,其中driven by powerful and diverse motivations,和by its nature为插入语结构。
47)本句重点词语:principle做形容词,意为“主要的”,national characteristics意为“民族特色,特点”,modify意为“修改,改变”。多次考察了of和with引导的后置定语的翻译,前三小句为并列结构表原因,第四小句为句子主干。
48)本句重点词语:peculiar to,意为“特殊的,特有的”,national groups意为“民族”,固定搭配in a raw意为“原始的”,sheer意为“完全的,纯粹的”。
49)本句重点词语:immigrant“移民”,explorations“探索”,bound for“驶往,开往”。其中,which is now the United States为定语从句修饰限定前文的the territory.
50)本句重点词语:treasure-house“宝库”,all the way down to“一直”,extend from…to…“从…延伸到…。其中with引导的介词短语做后置定语,which extended from Maine all the way down to Georgia为定语从句修饰前面的treasure-house.
【参考译文】
46)在多种强大的动机驱动下,这次运动在一片荒野上建起了一个国家,其本身塑造了一个未知大陆的性格和命运。
47)美国是两种主要力量的产物——即思想习俗、民族特色各异的欧洲移民和修改这些特征的新国家的影响的产物。
48)但由于美国特有的地理条件,不同民族的相互作用,以及维护原始老式方式的纯粹困难,新大陆引起了重大变化。
49)在15-16世纪北美探索的一百多年之后,运往该领土-即当今的美国-的第一船移民横渡了大西洋。
50)拥有丰富多样树种的原始森林是一个真正的宝库,它从缅因州一直延伸到乔治亚州。