1.①In 1924 America's National Research Council sent two engineers to supervise a series of industrial experiments at a telephone-parts factory called the Hawthorne Plant near Chicago. ②It hoped they would learn how shop-floor lighting affected workers' productivity. ③Instead, the studies ended up giving their name to the "Hawthorne effect," the extremely influential idea the very act of being experimented upon changed subjects' behavior.
2.①The idea arose because of the perplexing behavior of the women in the plant. ②According to accounts of the experiments, their hourly output rose when lighting was increased, but also when it was dimmed.
【高频考点】
1.监督一系列的工业实验：supervise a series of industrial experiments
2.影响工人生产率：affect workers productivity
3.这些研究最终命名为"XKF"：the studies ended up giving their name to XKF
4.观点出现：the idea arose
5.非常重要的观点：the extremely influential idea
6.令人困惑的行为：the perplexing behavior
7.每小时的产出：hourly output
8.根据实验的描述：according to accounts of the experiments
【翻译练习】
1.①In 1924 America's National Research Council sent two engineers to supervise a series of industrial experiments at a telephone-parts factory called the Hawthorne Plant near Chicago.
结构提示：called the Hawthorne Plant near Chicago作factory的后置定语。
②It hoped they would learn how shop-floor lighting affected workers' productivity.
结构提示：how shop-floor lighting affected workers' productivity作learn的宾语从句，they would learn作hoped的宾语从句。
③Instead, the studies ended up giving their name to the "Hawthorne effect" , the extremely influential idea the very act of being experimented upon changed subjects' behavior.
结构提示：the extremely influential idea作the "Hawthorne effect"的同位语。the very act作the extremely influential idea的同位语从句。
2.①The idea arose because of the perplexing behavior of the women in the plant.
②According to accounts of the experiments, their hourly output rose when lighting was increased, but also when it was dimmed.
结构提示：when lighting was increased作rose的时间状语从句;but also后是省略句，补充完整应该是but also their hourly output rose(when it was dimmed)。
【参考译文】
1.①1924年，美国国家研究委员会派出两位工程师在芝加哥附近一家被称为霍桑工厂的电话配件工厂监督一系列研究实验。
②研究委员会希望他们的工程师能弄明白车间照明是如何影响工人的生产效率的。
③相反，这些研究最终命名为"霍桑效应"，这是个非常有影响力的观点，它表明：正是参加实验的行为本身改变了受试者的行为。
2.①这个观点出现是因为女工人令人困惑的行为。
②根据实验的描述，无论灯光变亮还是变暗，她们每小时的产量都会增加。
