参考译文

Who Should Climb Everest?

谁应该爬珠穆拉玛峰？

A Nepalese official says that it is time to examine the rules on who is permitted to climb Mount Everest, the world's tallest mountain.

一名尼泊尔的官员表示是时候该审查一下谁有资格爬珠穆拉玛峰的规则了。珠穆拉玛峰是世界上最高的山脉。

Yagya Raj Sunuwar told The New York Times this week, "It's time to review all the old laws." The parliament member's comment comes after the deaths of at least 11 climbers this year.

雅佳·拉杰·苏努瓦这周告诉纽约时报，“是时候该重新审查一下旧的法律了。”在今年至少11名爬山者死亡后，这位国会议员发表了上述评论。

Climbing Everest has been a dream for many people ever since Edmund Hillary and his guide, Tenzing Norgay, reached the top of the mountain in 1953.

自从埃德蒙·希拉里和他的导游田津·诺盖伊于1953年到达山顶后，登珠穆拉玛峰就变成了很多人的梦想。

Nepal is one of the world's poorest countries. The climbing industry brings in $300 million each year. Officials do not limit the number of permits the country issues to climbers.

尼泊尔是世界上最贫穷的国家之一。登峰产业每年带来3亿美元的收入。官方并没有限制国家颁发登山者许可证的数量。

This year, the government of Nepal issued Everest permits to 381 people, the highest number ever. Anyone can get a permit for an $11,000 fee.

今年，尼泊尔政府给381个人颁发了珠穆拉玛峰登峰许可证。它是迄今为止数量最多的一次。任何得到许可证的人需要支付1.1万美元的费用。

A picture taken on May 22 shows a long line of climbers wearing colorful winter clothes as they make their way up the mountain. The climbers are standing on a snow-covered ridge with a 2,000-meter drop on either side. They are hanging on to a single line of rope.

5月22日拍摄的照片展示了一长队穿着彩色冬衣的登峰者正在向上攀爬。登峰者正站在大雪覆盖的山脊上，山脊两边都是2000米的深渊。他们都紧紧抓住一根绳索。

"There were more people on Everest than there should be," said Kul Bahadur Gurung, the general secretary of the Nepal Mountaineering Association. He added, "We lack the rules...that say how many people can actually go up and when."

尼泊尔登山协会秘书长库尔·巴哈杜尔·古隆说“珠穆拉玛峰本不应该有这么多的攀爬者”。他补充道，“我们缺少制度……来规定实际多少人可以爬上去和什么时间可以爬。”

At one time, only experienced mountaineers tried to climb Everest. But the cost of such an effort has decreased. This has led more and more inexperienced climbers to try to reach the top of Everest. Nepal only requires that climbers have a note from a medical doctor saying they are physically fit. Climbers do not have to prove they have the strength or ability to perform at extreme heights.

从前，只有有经验的登山者尽力去登珠穆拉玛峰。但是这样努力的成本会降低。这导致越来越多没有经验的攀爬者尽力向珠穆拉玛峰峰顶攀爬。尼泊尔只要求登峰的人出示医生给他们开的表示他们身体很健康的证明。登峰者不需要证明他们有在极高的环境中生存的体力和能力。

The number of climbers who have died this season is the highest since 2015. Most of those who died are believed to have suffered from altitude sickness. The condition is caused by low amounts of oxygen in extremely high places. It can lead to severe headaches, stomach sickness, shortness of breath and mental confusion. Because of the altitude, climbers have just hours to reach the top before they are at risk of having their lungs fill with liquid.

自2015年起，这个季节是登峰者死亡人数最高的。他们大多数被认为是死于罹患高原病。这种情况是由极高地区含氧量很低引起的。低氧能够引起严重头痛、胃部疾病、呼吸短促和精神混乱。由于海拔高度原因，在他们可能有肺部充满液体的危险之前，他们只剩下数小时的时间攀爬至峰顶了。

The area between Camp Four (8,000 meters) and the top of Everest (8,850 meters) is known as the "death zone." When a climber dies in this zone, his or her body is left there. It would be too dangerous for another climber to spend their energy bringing the body down the mountain.

在第四营（海拔8000米）和峰顶（海拔8850米）之间的区域被称为“死亡地带”。当登山者死于这个区域时，他或她的身体就会留在那儿。如果另外一位登山者将尸体运到山下会消耗很多能量，这样做太危险了。

Eric Murphy made his third climb on Everest this year. He told the Associated Press, "Every minute counts there." He said some tired climbers with no one to help them could take 17 hours -- instead of 12 -- to reach the top. For inexperienced climbers, that is "enough to have a profound effect."

今年埃里克·墨菲进行了第三次登峰。。他告诉美联社，“这里的每一分都很重要。”他说一些尽力登峰的人在没有任何帮助的情况下可能会花费17小时，而非12小时才能抵达峰顶。对于没有经验的登峰者来说，那“足以造成严重影响”。

Among those who have died at Everest this year is American Christopher Kulish. He was from the state of Colorado. Kulish died on his way down, shortly after reaching the top. Just before he died, Kulish made it into the so-called "Seven Summit Club" of mountaineers who have reached the highest peaks on every continent, his brother said.

今年，在死于珠穆拉玛峰的人中一位是美国人克里斯托弗·库利什。他来自科罗拉多州。库利什抵达峰顶后不久便死在下山的路上。他兄弟说，就在死前他刚刚加入了所谓的七峰俱乐部。该俱乐部成员为登到每个洲最高峰峰顶的登山者。

Mohan Krishna Sapkota is secretary of Nepal's Ministry of Tourism and Civil Aviation. He blamed weather, equipment and lack of oxygen for this year's deaths.

莫汉·克里希纳·萨普科塔为尼泊尔旅游和民航部秘书。他将今年登山者的死归咎于天气、设备和氧气的缺乏。

However, he added, "In the next season we will work to have double rope in the area below the summit so there is better management of the flow of climbers."

然而，他补充道，“在下一季度，我们将在峰顶下的区域安置两个绳索来对登山者的人流进行管理控制。”

Mirza Ali is a Pakistani mountaineer and tour operator who reached Everest's peak for the first time this month. It was his fourth time trying. He said, "Everybody wants to stand on top of the world." But he said visitors who are unprepared for the extremes of Everest harm the mountaineering industry.

米孜·阿里是一名巴基斯坦的登山者和旅游经营者。他这个月首次抵达珠穆拉玛峰峰顶。这是他第四次尝试。他说，“每个人都想站在世界的屋脊。”但他说，那些对珠穆朗玛峰的极端环境毫无准备的游客会对登山产业造成损害。

Ali added, "The more people come, the more permits, more business. But on the other side of it is a lot of risk because it is costing lives."

阿里补充道：“来的人越多，许可证就越多，生意就越多。但另一方面，这会带来很大的风险，因为这会造成生命损失。”

I'm Alice Bryant.

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