公司结构　Company Organization

公司无论大小，都会出于效率（efficiency）和责任的考虑，根据不同的任务将成员分成不同部分，从而形成自己的组织结构。通常意义的公司组织包含普通员工、中级管理层和高级管理层。

普通工人（laborial staff）

普通工人指通过体力劳动（physical labor）来完成工作的职员，挣取时薪（hourly）而非月薪（salaried），例如：建筑工人、维护保养工人、清洁工、电工、管道工、技术工人。

⊙Nearly 60%of all employees in our company are considered laborers.我们公司接近60%的员工是工人。

⊙The laborial staff is a very broad category of workers because it includes maintenance crews, janitorial staff, and many of the support services staff.

劳工所包含的工人类别很广泛，包括维护保养员、门卫和许多服务支持人员。

⊙We ought to remember the common workers, they do a lot of work that other people might not be willing to do.

我们不能忘了普通工人，他们所做的很多工作是别人不愿意做的。

⊙Hourly wages are not very high, but our laborers usually end up with a lot of overtime pay.

时薪不是很高，但是我们的工人通常有很多加班费。

管理人员（management）

管理层致力于计划（planning）、组织（organizing）、人事（staffing），领导（leading or directing）某组织完成目标（accomplish desired goals and objectives）。体现在商业中，目标就是盈利（make a profit）。为了有效地完成任务，管理人员需要充分利用资源（using resources），包含人力资源、财力资源、技术资源和自然资源。

⊙Company management includes all department heads and supervisors.公司的管理层包括各个部门的主管和监督。

⊙A major part of the work a supervisor does is to make sure everything goes smoothly and to make sure everyone is doing their jobs.

监督们的主要工作就是确保一切进展顺利，让每位员工各司其职。

⊙If we didn't have managers, who would divvy up the work?

如果我们没有管理人员，谁来分配工作？

⊙The management team is under a lot of pressure to get our numbers up this quarter.

管理团队因为要保证本季度的盈利而面临着巨大压力。

⊙What are the average salaries for mid-management positions?

中层管理人员的平均工资是多少？

高级管理层（executive branch）

首席执行官（Chief Executive Officer，即CEO）：首席执行官负责企业的整体运转，并向董事会和董事长报告。行政总裁的职责在于执行（implement）董事会决定，在高级管理人员的协助下确保企业正常运转（smooth operation）。行政总裁常被任命为（designated）公司的最高领导，也是董事会重要成员。

运营总监（Chief Operations Officer，即COO）：负责企业的日常运转，主要应对市场、销售、生产和人力资源，比行政总裁更多地深入实践（hands-on），也要向行政总裁提供反馈（feedback）信息。运营总监被认为是仅次于行政总裁的副手（senior vice president）。

财务总监（Chief Financial Officer，即CFO）：直接对行政总裁负责，负责财务数据的分析和审核、汇报财务状况、准备预算、对支出和成本（expenditures and costs）进行监督。财务总监被要求定期（regular intervals）向董事会和股东监管机构，包括证券交易管理所[the Securities and Exchange Commission（SEC）]等，提供财务信息。

A：Can you tell me a little more about your company organization?

B：The first tier is our executive branch, which includes the CEO, COO, CFO, and the board of directors.

A：你能否再告诉我一些有关贵公司的组织情况？

B：第一层是我们的高级管理层，包括首席执行官、运营主管、财务总监和董事会。

A：Besides making the most money, what does the CEO do anyway?

B：The CEO makes everything go smoothly. He's personally responsible for the success of the company.

A：首席执行官除了挣钱最多以外，他到底都做些什么？

B：首席执行官须确保一切顺利运转，并对公司的成功发展负责。

Tom Kennedy is the new CEO for our company.

Tom Kennedy是我们公司新任首席执行官。

董事会（board of directors）

董事会由选举或被任命的人员（elected or appointed members）所组成，对企业和组织的行为进行监督，也常被称作理事会、执行委员会等（board of governors or executive board）。董事会成员的职责如下：

通过制定政策和目标来管理企业或组织。

选举、任命主要高级管理人员。

确保财政资源合理运用。

评审通过预算。

监督企业业绩，维护股东利益。

⊙How many people are on the board of directors?

董事会有多少人？

⊙The board of directors is made up of experts in the industry；we rely on them to give us guidance, long-term planning, and vision.

董事会由业内的专家组成，我们要靠他们给予相关指导、长远规划和制定目标。

⊙Our board meets monthly, quarterly, or biannually, depending on the needs of the company.

我们董事会根据公司的要求，每个月、每季度或者每半年开一次会。

⊙Mr.Andrews has accepted his appointment to be Chairman of the board.Andrews先生刚接受了作为董事会主席的任命。

总结

“事半功倍”还是“事倍功半”？有时候完全取决于排列组合是否得当，能否将整体力量发挥到极限，体现在企业里就是结构是否合理，任务划分是否科学，部门协作是否有效，人员配合是否默契。无论是高级管理人员还是普通工人，各尽其责，结构的优势充分体现，才能实现整体效率和利益的最大化。

Words　单词表

branch分支，分公司

category种类，类别，分类

CEO首席执行官，行政总裁，总经理

CFO首席财务官，财务总监

company profile公司简介

COO首席运营官，营运总监

executive执行董事，总经理，行政长官

expert专家，专家小组

guidance指导，引导

hourly每小时的

management管理，经营

pretty相当，十分，非常

quarterly季度的

salary薪酬，月薪

success成功，成就，胜利

tier层，层级

wage工资，报酬

Phrases　短语表

a little more更多一点儿

accept an appointment接受任命

be personally responsible for sth亲自负责（某事）

divvy up分发，分配

go smoothly顺利，顺利进行

depend on取决于，由……来决定

know（sb）well很了解（某人）

get numbers up盈利

nice guy好人，好家伙

in the first place首先，起初

take a look看下，瞅下

make money挣钱，赚钱

rely on依赖，仰仗

under pressure承受压力，在……压力下

实景对话1

A：Can you tell me a little more about your company organization?

B：Sure. Here, take a look at our company profile.The first tier is our executive branch, which includes the CEO, COO, CFO, and the board of directors.

A：Besides making the most money, what does the CEO do anyway?

B：The CEO makes everything go smoothly. He's personally responsible for the success of the company.Tom Kennedy is the new CEO for our company.He's a pretty nice guy.I know him well because I'm on the board.

A：Are you serious?I didn't know that. How many people are on the board of directors?What do you have to do to get on in the first place?Who's the chairman?

B：The board of directors is made up of experts in the industry. There are 12 of us.The company relies on us to give us guidance, long-term planning, and vision.Our board meets monthly, quarterly, or biannually, depending on the needs of the company.Mr.Andrews has just accepted his appointment to be Chairman of the board.

A：Is this your first time serving on a board of directors?It must be very exciting.

B：Well, the management team is under a lot of pressure to get our numbers up this quarter, so it is a bit stressful.

A：你可以再告诉我一些关于贵公司的组织情况吗？

B：当然，请看这里有关我们公司的简介。第一层是我们的高级管理层，包括行政总裁、运营总监、财务总监和董事会。

A：除了赚钱最多以外，行政总裁到底都做哪些？

B：行政总裁必须确保一切顺利运转。对于公司的成功发展，他需要亲自负责。Tom Kennedy是我们的新任总裁。他人很好。我在董事会，所以很了解他。

A：真的吗？我都不知道。董事会有多少成员？你一开始是怎么加入的？谁是主席啊？

B：董事会成员是由本行业内的专家组成，我们一共12人。公司依靠我们提供相关指导、制定长远规划和愿景。根据公司的需要，我们每周、每月、每季度或者每半年碰一次头。Andrews先生刚刚接受了作为董事会主席的任命。

A：这是你第一次在董事会任职吗？一定很兴奋吧。

B：要保证本季度的盈利，管理团队肩负的压力非常大，所以还是有一些紧张的。

实景对话2

A：What percentage of your company is made of up laborers?

B：Nearly 60%of all employees in our company are considered laborers.

A：Wow，60%. That seems like a lot.Do you pay your workers well?What's the average hourly wage for the laborers in your company?

B：Most of our laborers are not salaried. Hourly wages are not very high, but our laborers usually end up with a lot of overtime pay.60%may seem like a lot, but it's only because the laborial staff is a very broad category of workers because it includes maintenance crews, janitorial staffs, and many of the support service staffs.

A：So what about the remaining 60%?Is that just management then?

B：Yes. Company management includes all department heads and supervisors.Managers have more responsibility and more stress than the common workers.A major part of the work of a supervisor is to make sure everything goes smoothly and to make sure everyone is doing their jobs.

A：What are the average salaries for mid-management positions?Is it a lot more than the laborers?

B：To be honest, it is considerably more. But, we ought to remember the common workers, they do a lot of work that other people might not be willing to do.Laborers might not have as much responsibility or make as much money as the executive staff, but they are just as important.

A：你们公司的劳工构成比例是多少？

B：我们公司接近60%的员工是工人。

A：哇，60%，好像不少。你们给工人的待遇好吗？你们公司付给工人每小时的平均工资是多少？

B：我们大部分工人拿的不是月薪。计时工资不是很高，但是工人在加班费上挣得不少。60%可能看上去挺多，但是因为劳工所包含的工人类别很广泛，包含维护保养员、门卫和许多的服务人员。

A：那其余的30%呢？都是管理层吗？

B：是的，公司的管理层包括各个部门的主管和监督。经理们总是比普通工人肩负更多的责任，承受更多的压力。监督的主要工作是确保一切运转正常，让每位员工各司其职。

A：中层管理人员平均工资是多少？比普通工人高很多吗？

B：老实说，是高出不少。但是别忘了普通工人做的很多工作可能是别人不愿意做的。工人们可能没有高级管理员那么多的责任或那么多的报酬，但是他们也同样重要。