I'm shirley griffith. Voice two: And I'm frank oliver with people in america,
a special english program about people who were important in the history of
the united states. Today, we tell about the life of writer ernest hemingway.
(theme)
Voice one:
"A writer is always alone, always an outsider," ernest hemingway said. Others
said that of the many people he created in his books, hemingway was his own
best creation
Ernest hemingway was born in eighteen-ninety-five. He grew up in oak park,
illinois, near the middle western city of chicago. He was the second child in
a family of six. His father was a doctor. His mother liked to paint and play
the piano.
Each summer the family travelled to their holiday home in northern michigan.
Ernest's father taught him how to catch fish, hunt, set up a camp and cook
over a fire.
At home in oak park, ernest wrote for his school newspaper. He tried to write
like a famous sports writer of that time, ring lardner. He developed his
writing skills this way.
Voice two:
In nineteen-seventeen, hemingway decided not to go to a university. The
united states had just entered world war one and he wanted to join the army.
But the army rejected him because his yesight was not good enough. Ernest
found a job with the kansas city star newspaper in kansas city, missouri. He
reported news from the hospital, police headquarters, and the railroad
station. One reporter remembered: "hemingway liked to be where the action
was."
The kansas city star demanded that its reporters write short sentences. It
wanted reporters to see the unusual details in an incident. Hemingway quickly
learned to do both.
He worked for the newspaper only nine months before he joined the red cross
to help on the battlefields of europe. His job was to drive a red cross truck
carrying wounded away from battle.
Voice one:
The red cross sent him to italy. Soon he saw his first wounded when an arms
factory in milan exploded. Later, he was sent to the battle front. He went as
close to the fighting as possible to see how he would act in the face of
danger. Before long, he was seriously wounded.
The war ended soon after he healed. Hemingway returned to the united states.
Less than a year had passed since he went to europe. But in that short time
he had changed forever. He needed to write about what he had seen.
Voice two:
Ernest hemingway left home for chicago to prove to himself, and to his
family, that he could earn a living from his writing.
But, he ran out of money and began to write for a newspaper again. The
canadian newspaper, the toronto star, liked his reports about life in chicago
and paid him well.
Voice one:
In chicago, hemingway met the writer sherwood anderson. Anderson was one of
the first writers in america to write about the lives of common people.
Hemingway saw that anderson's stories showed life as it really was, the way
hemingway was trying to do.
Anderson gave hemingway advice about his writing. He told hemingway to move
to paris, where living was less costly. He said paris was full of young
artists and writers from all over the world.
In return for anderson's kindness hemingway wrote a book called the torrents
of spring. It makes fun of anderson and the way he wrote. There was something
in hemingway that could not say "thank you" to anyone. He had to believe he
did everything for himself, even when he knew others helped him.
Voice two:
Hemingway decided to move to paris. But before he did he married a woman he
had recently met. Her name was hadley richardson.
Paris was cold and gray when hemingway and his new wife arrived in nineteen-
twenty-one. They lived in one of the poorer parts of the city. Their rooms
were small and had no running water. But the toronto star employed him as its
european reporter, so there was enough money for the two of them to live. And
the job gave hemingway time to write his stories.
Voice one:
Hemingway enjoyed exploring paris, making new friends, learning french
customs and sports. Some new friends were artists and writers who had come to
paris in the nineteen-twenties. Among them were poet, ezra pound, and writers
gertrude stein, john dos passos, and f. Scott fitzgerald. They quickly saw
that hemingway was a good writer. They helped him publish his stories in the
united states. He was thankful for their support at the time, but later
denied that he had received help.
As a reporter, hemingway travelled all over europe. He wrote about politics.
He wrote about peace conferences and border disputes. And he wrote about
sports, skiing and fishing. Later he would write about bull fighting in
spain. The toronto star was pleased with his work, and wanted more of his
reports. But hemingway was busy with his own writing.
He said: "sometimes, i would start a new story and could not get it going.
Then i would stand and look out over the roofs of paris and think. I would
say to myself: 'all you have to do is write one true sentence. Write the
truest sentence you know. So finally, i would write a true sentence and go on
from there. It was a wonderful feeling when i had worked well."
voice two:
Hemingway's first book of stories was called in our time. It included a
story, called "big two hearted river," about the effect of war on a young
man. It tells about the young man taking a long fishing trip in michigan.
Hemingway had learned from his father when he was a boy about living in the
wild.
The story is about two kinds of rivers. One is calm and clear. It is where
the young man fishes. The other is dark. It is a swamp, a threatening place.
The story shows the young man trying to forget his past. He is also trying to
forget the war. Yet he never really speaks about it. The reader learns about
the young man, not because hemingway tells us what the young man thinks, but
because he shows the young man learning about himself. "big two hearted
river" is considered one of the best modern american stories. It is often
published in collections of best writing.
Voice one:
After the book was published in nineteen-twenty-five, hadley and hemingway
returned to the united states for the birth of their son. They quickly
returned to paris.
Hemingway was working on a long story. He wanted to publish a novel so he
would be recognized as a serious writer. And he wanted the money a novel
would earn.
The novel was called the sun also rises. It is about young americans in
europe after world war one. The war had destroyed their dreams. And it had
given them nothing to replace those dreams. The writer gertrude stein later
called these people members of "the lost generation."
Voice two:
The book was an immediate success. At the age of twenty-five ernest hemingway
was famous.
Many people, however, could not recognize hemingway's art because they did
not like what he wrote about. Hemingway's sentences were short, the way he
had been taught to write at the kansas city star newspaper. He wrote about
what he knew and felt. He used few descriptive words. His statements were
clear and easily understood.
He had learned from earlier writers, like ring lardner and sherwood anderson.
But hemingway brought something new to his writing. He was able to paint in
words what he saw and felt. In later books, sometimes he missed. Sometimes he
even looked foolish. But when he was right he was almost perfect.
Voice one:
With the success of his novel, hemingway became even more popular in paris.
Many people came to see him. One was an american woman, pauline pfeiffer. She
became hadley's friend. Then pauline fell in love with hemingway. Hemingway
and pauline saw each other secretly. One time, they went away together on a
short trip. Years later, hemingway wrote about returning home after that
trip:
"when i saw hadley again, i wished i had died before i ever loved anyone but
her. She was smiling and the sun was on her lovely face."
But the marriage was over. Ernest hemingway and hadley separated. She kept
their son. He agreed to give her money he earned from his books.
In later years, he looked back at his marriage to hadley as the happiest time
of his life.
(theme)
voice two:
This people in america program was written by richard thorman and bill
rogers. I'm frank oliver.
Voice one:
And i'm shirley griffith. Join us again next week for the final part of the
story of erndst hemingway in special english on the voice of america.
