November 7, 2004
(THEME)
VOICE ONE:
I'm Steve Ember.
VOICE TWO:
And I'm Faith Lapidus with People in America in VOA Special English. Today we
tell about Dian Fossey. She studied the wild mountain gorillas of central
Africa. Her work resulted in efforts to save these rare and endangered
animals.
(THEME)
VOICE ONE:
Dian Fossey was born in nineteen thirty-two in San Francisco, California. Her
parents ended their marriage when she was young. She stayed with her mother,
who married another man a short time later. Dian said she had a difficult
relationship with both her mother and stepfather.
Dian was interested in animals all her life. She started making plans to be a
veterinarian, a doctor who treats animals. After high school, she attended
San Jose State College in California. There, she was successful in some
subjects, but not others.
She changed her program of study to occupational therapy. Occupational
therapists help injured and sick people learn to do their day-to-day
activities independently. She completed her studies at San Jose State in
nineteen fifty-four.
VOICE TWO:
Dian Fossey left California and moved to the state of Kentucky. She accepted
a position at the Kosair Crippled Children's Hospital in the city of
Louisville. People there said she had a special gift of communicating with
children with special needs. Yet she also had a desire to see more of the
world.
Through friends, she became interested in Africa. She read a book about the
wild mountain gorillas of central Africa written by American zoologist George
Schaller. The mountain gorilla is the largest of the world's apes.
VOICE ONE:
Fossey borrowed money and made a six-week trip to Africa in nineteen sixty-
three. She visited a camp operated by the famous research scientists Louis
and Mary Leakey. The Leakeys were best known for their studies of the
development of human ancestors.
Fossey met with Louis Leakey and discussed the importance of scientific
research on the great apes. She decided to study mountain gorillas, which
were in danger of disappearing. Later on her trip, she traveled to the
mountains of Rwanda. This is where she first saw mountain gorillas.
VOICE TWO:
Fossey returned to the United States with a desire to work in Africa. She met
with Professor Leakey a second time when he visited the United States to give
a series of talks. This time, he asked her to begin a long-term study of the
gorillas. He said information she collected might help to show how human
ancestors developed.
A group called the Wilkie Foundation agreed to support her research. The
Wilkie Foundation already supported another researcher, Jane Goodall, in her
study of wild chimpanzees. Fossey also received help from a major scientific
and educational organization -- the National Geographic Society.
VOICE ONE:
Fossey returned to central Africa in nineteen sixty-six. She spent a short
time observing Jane Goodall. Then she began setting up her own research camp
in what was then the country of Zaire. Fossey sought help from the local
native people who knew how to follow mountain gorillas in the wild.
A short time later, political unrest forced her to move to nearby Rwanda. She
settled in a protected area between two mountains, Karisimbi and Visoke.
There, she established the Karisoke Research Center. This would be her home
for most of the next eighteen years. Much of that time, she worked alone.
(MUSIC)
VOICE TWO:
DianFossey spent thousands of hours observing mountain gorillas. She worked
hard to gain acceptance among the animals. To do this, she copied their
actions and sounds. She studied the gorillas daily and developed an
understanding of each individual.
Many people had believed that mountain gorillas are fierce. Fossey found just
the opposite. She learned that gorillas are both gentle and intelligent. They
use their strength mainly when defending other members of their family or
group.
