Your Majesties, Your Royal Highnesses, Your excellencies
尊敬的陛下 诸位位殿下及阁下
Dear laureates
亲爱的各位获奖者
Ladies and gentlemen
女士们 先生们
It is my honor to represent the Nobel Prize in Physics 2018
我很荣幸能够代表2018年诺贝尔物理学奖的得主们来发表演讲
and speak on behalf of Arthur Ashkin and Gerard Mourou
他们是我最尊敬的同事 阿瑟·阿什金和热拉尔·穆鲁
my esteemed colleagues with whom I share the prize
我和他们共同分享这一奖项
Arthur Ashkin can one-half of it this year
阿瑟·阿什金获得了今年物理学奖金的一半
and so he should be the one giving this speech
所以他才是应该来发表这个演讲的人
Unfortunately he could not join us for this incredible celebration
但遗憾的是 他无法参加这场激动人心的庆祝活动
Gerard and I want to add our congratulations to Arthur for his remarkable invention of laser tweezers
热拉尔和我想对阿瑟的卓越发明 即激光镊子 表示热烈的祝贺
that can trap living cells and wind up molecular motors
它的作用是捕获活细胞 并使分子马达运转起来
We wish Arthur could be here
我们都很希望今天阿瑟能在现场
As has been pointed out I joined Marie Curie and Maria Goeppert-Mayer
如所指出的那样 我是居里夫人和玛丽亚·格佩特-梅耶之后
as the only women to win this prize
第三个获得诺贝尔物理学奖的女性
I am humbled to be in their company
能够加入她们的队列中实在是受宠若惊
Marie Curie is in a class all her own as the first female winner
居里夫人是独树一帜的 她是有史以来第一位女性获奖者
and still the only person to win the Nobel Prize in two different science categories
也是迄今为止唯一一个在两个不同的科学领域都获得过诺贝尔奖的人
An astounding scientist
她是一位令人所有人震惊的科学家
For her PhD Maria Goeppert-Mayer absolutely--
玛丽亚·格佩特-梅耶在她的博士生涯中--
Maria Goeppert-Mayer a theoretical physicist came up with the idea of multi photon physics
玛丽亚是位理论物理学家 她提出了多光子物理学的概念
that means an atom absorbs two or more photons simultaneously
意思是一个原子可以同时吸收两个或更多的光子
She made the prediction without any experimental evidence
她在没有任何实验证据的情况下做出了这个预测
and in fact it would be another 30 years before I didn't want to observe the effect
事实上 再过30年我就不想观察这个效果了
I cited her theory in my PhD thesis more than fifty years later
在她获奖的50多年后 我在自己的博士论文中引用了她的理论
And as for me
至于我个人的经历
When I was in grad school working on the project for which Gerard and I are being honored
当我还在研究院和热拉尔一起 进行着我们都很自豪的项目时
Cyndi Lauper had a big hit
那个时候 辛迪·劳帕大受欢迎
"Girls just want to have fun"
她说过一句话 “女孩子们只想要玩得开心”
but they wanted to wait until the working day is done
但她们想等到工作日结束后才去享受狂欢
but I want to have fun while I'm working
我不一样 我想在工作的时候就从中感受到乐趣
Now not everyone thinks physics is fun
如今不是所有人都认为 物理是有趣的
but I do
但我确实认为它很有趣
I think experimental physics is especially fun
特别是实验物理学
because not only do you get to solve puzzles about the universe or here on earth
因为你不仅能解开遥远的宇宙或是近在咫尺的地球上的谜团
There are really cool toys in the lab
还能使用实验室里那些超级酷炫的玩具
In my case I get to play with high intensity lasers that can do magical things
以我自己为例 我可以玩高强度激光 这种激光能实现很神奇的事情
like take one color of laser light and turn it into a rainbow of colors
比如我们可以取一种颜色的激光 然后把它变成彩虹的颜色
Just one of the amazing things we get to see in our laser labs
这只是我们在激光实验室里能看到的令人惊叹的事情之一
Gerard Mourou, who was my PhD supervisor
热拉尔·穆鲁是我的博士生导师
dreamed up the idea of increasing laser intensity by orders of magnitude
他提出了将激光强度提高几个数量级的主意
He did it while he was on a ski trip with his family
他是在和家人去滑雪旅行的时候 想出这个点子的
He probably shouldn't have been thinking about lasers
他不应该在那种时候还想着激光
He just couldn't help himself
但他就是忍不住
It was my job to take sure our beautiful idea and make it a reality
我的工作是确保我们美好的想法能够成为现实
I built a pulse stretcher, then a laser amplifier
为此我做了一个脉冲拉伸器 然后是激光放大器
and then finally a pulse compressor
最终 我做出了一个脉冲压缩机
To do so, I had to learn to cleave optical fiber, machine, a lot of parts, do a lot of plumbing
为此 我必须学会如何切割光纤 机器及其零件 做很多的管道工作
Are you feeling the fun?
你们能感受到这其中的乐趣吗?
I had to measure the pulse durations and the frequency spectrum
我必须测量脉冲的持续时间和频谱
Not all of the measurements show what we expected
不是所有的测量结果都是我们期望所得到的
We had to figure out the problems and then away around them
我们需要找出这其中的问题 然后避免再次出现同样的错误
That was the fun part
而这就是最有趣的部分
That all took about a year then it was finally time to measure the duration of the compressed amplified pulses
花了大约一年的时间 我们才终于能去测量压缩放大脉冲的持续时间
and I had no way to measure it
但我找不到办法去测量它
Steve Williamson my colleague had the way
我的同事史蒂夫·威廉姆森找到了方法
and he wheeled history camera into my lab one night
一天晚上 他把成像仪推进了我的实验室
and together we measured the compressed pulse width of the amplified pulses
我们一起测量了放大脉冲的压缩脉冲宽度
I will never forget that night
我永远都忘不了那个夜晚
It is truly an amazing feeling when you know that you have built something that no one else ever has
当你知道你做出了别人从未实现的东西时 那种感觉真的超级棒
and it actually works
并且它真的成功了
There really is no excitement quite like it
我想再也没有哪个时刻比它更令我感到激动了
except for maybe getting woken up at 5:00 in the morning
当然 除了早上5点被吵醒
because the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences also thinks
然后瑞典皇家科学院通知我得奖了的那一刻
it was an exciting moment for the field of laser physics
他们也认为 对于激光物理学来说 这的确是个激动人心的时刻
So on behalf of Arthur Ashkin, Gerard Mourou and me
所以在此我代表 阿瑟·阿什金 热拉尔·穆鲁和我自己
Thank you to the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences and the Nobel foundation
感谢瑞典皇家科学院和诺贝尔基金会
for honoring us and laser physics with this Nobel Prize
感谢你们授予我们和激光物理学科这个诺贝尔奖
