GRE填空实例讲解解题方法
教程:GRE填空  浏览:162  
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      (1) 单空单选:

      这种题目跟现行的句子填空类型完全一样,且限定题干只有一个空格,答案为五个选项中选择一个符合空格的正确选项。 例1:Far from viewing Jefferson as a skeptical but enlightened intellectual, historians of the 1960’s portrayed him as ______ thinker, eager to fill the young with his political orthodoxy while censoring ideas he did not like.

      an adventurous

      a doctrinaire

      an eclectic

      a judicious

      a cynical

      此题解答有两种途径,一是从Far from体现的转折关系入手,空格应该体现和skeptical but enlightened的含义相反的意思,故a doctrinaire符合要求;一是从eager to…入手,空格应该体现“渴望给年轻人灌输政治正统思想”的意思,答案仍然是“教条主义者”。

      显然,单空单选题的解方法是我们所熟悉和了解的,即从阅读和逻辑分析的角度入手,分析与空格相关的内容或者逻辑关系,从而推断空格所填词汇的含义或者感情色彩等。一般来说,当题目只有一个空格的时候,题目的难度不会很大,因为单一的逻辑关系比较容易辨别和推断,对考生而言,障碍仅仅在句子阅读和词汇的选择上。

      (2) 单空双选:

      这类题目在单空单选的基础上增加了一个选项,即每题一共有6个候选答案,但是要求考生选出两个符合空格要求的正确答案。很显然,被选出的答案应该是一组同义词或近义词,甚至是两个意思接近或感情色彩相同的词汇。 例2:A restaurant’s menu is generally reflected in its dcor; however, despite this restaurant’s ______ appearance it is pedestrian in the menu it offers.

      A. elegant B. tawdry C. modern D. traditional E. conventional F. chic

      此题解答过程并不复杂,首先“despite”体现了对比转折的逻辑关系,因此空格要体现出和“pedestrian(一般的,平淡的)”相对的含义,因此A和F为正确答案。

      单空双选题和单空单选题在解答的思路上基本类似,唯一的差别在于单空双选题还需要进行一次同义词辨析。那么,是否存在这样的可能,即直接看选项来选择一组同义词就是正确答案的呢?笔者认为,从的命题思路来看,这样的情况几乎不可能出现,因为在填空题中不可能孤立地测试词汇,而一定是以逻辑测试为主体的。如果直接通过词汇判断就能解答题目的话,那综合测试词汇应用和逻辑应用的目的就不可能达到了。正如例2中一样,如果单纯考虑同义词,D和E也是可以的,但是它们不符合句子中的逻辑关系,所以不能成为正确答案。

      (3) 多空多选:

      这类题目是在现行句子填空中的双空题基础上改编而来的,但是和现行考试的题目相比,多空多组选题目的句子更长,所给的提示信息更多,逻辑关系更加容易判断。但是,由于选项被独立分组设置,空格之间的组合情况变得更多,所以考生在选择答案的时候难度显然增大了。

      例3:There has been much hand-writing about how unprepared American students are for college. Graff reverses this perspective, suggesting that colleges are unprepared for students. In his analysis, the university culture is largely (i)______ entering students because academic culture fails to make connections to the kinds of arguments and cultural references that students grasp. Understandably, many students view academic life as (ii)______ ritual.

      Blank (i)

      primed for

      opaque to

      essential for

      Blank (ii)

      an arcane

      a laudable

      painstaking

      此题两个空格是孤立的,可以分别通过与各自相关的逻辑关系来进行推断。空格(i)可以通过第一、二句话的描述来进行推断,同时也可以用“because academic culture fails to make connections to the kinds of arguments and cultural references that students grasp”进行推断,表示的是对学生来说“unprepared”的意思,即负面的评价,所以答案为“opaque to”。同理,空格(ii)也要表明学生对学术生活“不理解”的态度,因此答案为“an arcane(known or knowable only to the initiate)”。 例4:Most artists maintain an attitude of (i)______ toward their own work. They know, better than any critic would know, how their art (ii)______ their ambitions. The artist would demand of his admirer, Do you really think this is the best I am capable of? Henri Cartier-Bresson’s dismissal of his life’s work in photograph, however, is (iii)______: it seems almost contempt, or even hatred, not just for his achievement but for the medium itself.

      Blank (i)

      extraordinary hubris

      irremediable disdain;

      healthy disrespect

      Blank (ii)

      falls far short of

      eventually transcends

      subtly realizes

      Blank (iii)

      entirely comprehension

      at another level altogether

      at odds with his achievement

      此题为包含三个空格,但是和例3不同的是它的空格不再是孤立的,而是存在相互的逻辑关系。首先从空格(ii)后的句子可以看出,艺术家对自己的能力是不确定的,是怀疑的,所以空格(ii)应该体现出对“ambitions”的不确信和怀疑,即负面动作。因此,空格(ii)答案为“falls far short of”。此时,空格(i)应该和空格(ii)体现同样的含义,即“对自己的能力缺乏信心”,因此“healthy disrespect”为正确答案。空格(iii)则是相对孤立的,由它前面的“however”可以看出,空格(iii)要体现和前面两个空格相对的含义,所以“at another level altogether”为正确答案。

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