Taking part in the classroom is not only accepted but also expected of students in many courses.Some professors base part of the final grade on the student' s taking part in orally.Although there are formal lectures during which the student has a passive role (i. e. listening and taking notes), many courses are organized around classroom discussions, student questions, and informal lectures.In graduate seminars the professor has a "managing" role and the students make presentations and lead discussions.The students do the actual teaching in these seminars.

　　课堂参与对学生来说不仅是可以接受的，而且是他们所期望的，这在许多课程中都是如此。一些教授把学生课堂上做的口头发言作为期末成绩的一部分。尽管在一些正式的讲座中，学生扮演一个被动的角色(他们听讲、做笔记)，但在许多课程中，教师还是采用课堂讨论，学生提问和非正式演讲的形式。在研究生的讨论课上，教授扮演着“管理”角色，而由学生们发言并展开讨论。在这样的讨论课上，实际上是学生们在进行教学。