科学家发现了“超深”钻石的宝藏
Scientists have found a trove of “super-deep” diamonds from hundreds of miles below the Earth’s surface.
科学家们在地球表面下几百英里处发现了一个“超深”钻石宝藏。
The diamonds were found in the Juina area of Brazil and likely came from a depth of 255 miles to 410 miles, according to an international team of researchers. A volcanic eruption brought the rocks to the surface, The Independent reports.
据一个国际研究小组称，这些钻石是在巴西朱丽娜地区发现的，很可能来自255英里至410英里的深处。据《独立报》报道，一次火山爆发将这些岩石带到了地表。
The results of the scientists’ research are published in the journal Science.
科学家的研究结果发表在《科学》杂志上。
Graham Pearson
“We analyzed, for the first time, helium isotopes contained in microscopic bubbles inside the super-deep diamonds,” said research leader Suzette Timmerman, of the Australian National University, in a statement.
澳大利亚国立大学的研究负责人SuzetteTimmerman在一份声明中说：“我们首次分析了超深钻石内部微观气泡中所含的氦同位素。”
Researchers say that the isotopes support the idea of a “primordial” reservoir of molten rock that has been around since, or very soon after, the Earth was formed.
研究人员表示，这些同位素支持“原始”熔融岩石储集层的观点，这些熔融岩石自地球形成以来就存在，或者在地球形成后不久就存在。
“Diamonds form perfect capsules so they retain the exact chemistry and the isotope composition of material from the part of the Earth where they formed,” said the study co-author, Lynton Jaques, of the Australian National University. “These diamonds, in particular, are some of our deepest direct samples of the Earth. They allow us to see some original material from the formation of the Earth, that doesn’t seem to have changed much over the past four billion years.”
“钻石形成完美的胶囊，所以它们保留了形成钻石的地球部分的精确化学成分和同位素组成，”该研究的合著者、澳大利亚国立大学的林顿·雅克斯(Lynton Jaques)说。“特别是这些钻石，是我们地球上最深的直接样本之一。它们让我们看到了地球形成时的一些原始物质，在过去40亿年里，这些物质似乎没有发生多大变化。”
Graham Pearson
Timmerman will present the research findings at the Geochemical Society and the European Association of Geochemistry’s Goldschmidt conference in Barcelona on Aug. 23.
Timmerman将于8月23日在巴塞罗那举行的地球化学学会和欧洲地球化学协会的戈德施密特会议上展示他的研究成果。
In the US, a vacationing schoolteacher recently garnered plenty of attention when he found a 2.12-carat brown diamond at the Crater of Diamonds State Park in Arkansas.
在美国，一位正在度假的教师，最近在阿肯色州钻石国家公园的陨石坑里发现了一颗2.12克拉的棕色钻石，引起了广泛关注。
The Crater of Diamonds State Park lets visitors search for real diamonds in their original volcanic source.
钻石火山口国家公园让游客在原始的火山源中寻找真正的钻石。
