你识别狗狗情绪的能力说明了你来自哪里

After spending at least 30,000 years living alongside humans, dogs have become really good at reading our emotions.

在与人类一起生活了至少3万年后，狗狗们变得非常善于解读我们的情绪。

Not only can they understand some of our most iconic words, signs and gestures, studies have shown these animals can recognise our facial expressions and determine whether our responses are positive or negative.

研究表明，这些动物不仅能听懂我们最标志性的词汇、手势和手势，还能识别我们的面部表情，并判断我们的反应是积极的还是消极的。

Even our closest relative, the chimpanzee, doesn't understand us to the same extent. But how well do we actually know our dogs?

即使是我们的近亲黑猩猩，对我们的了解程度也不如我们。但是我们到底有多了解我们的狗呢?

New research suggests that primarily depends on where and how you grew up, not on whether you've ever actually owned one.

新的研究表明，这主要取决于你是在哪里以及如何长大的，而不是你是否真的拥有过。

While most studies have looked into our pets' understanding of us, surprisingly few have turned the focus around - although, there are a few contending theories.

虽然大多数研究都着眼于宠物对我们的理解，但令人惊讶的是，很少有研究将焦点转向宠物——尽管也有一些争论的理论。

Under the co-domestication hypothesis, for instance, the close evolution of both humans and dogs is said to have resulted in an inherent reciprocal understanding. As both species grew closer over time, it follows that dogs evolved the ability to read human emotions and vice versa.

例如，根据共同驯化假说，人类和狗的密切进化被认为导致了一种内在的相互理解。随着时间的推移，这两个物种的关系越来越近，由此得出结论，狗狗进化出了解读人类情感的能力，反之亦然。

According to this theory, even though dog owners may be better at reading their pets than others, in the end, this ability is partially present in all humans.

根据这一理论，尽管狗主人可能比其他人更善于读懂他们的宠物，但最终，这种能力部分地存在于所有人身上。

It's an interesting idea, but actual research looking into it has provided mixed results. Some studies have shown those people who are inexperienced with dogs are actually better at reading canine emotions, while others have found no difference whatsoever between dog-owners and non-owners.

这是一个有趣的想法，但对它的实际研究提供了混合的结果。一些研究表明，那些没有养狗经验的人实际上更善于读懂狗的情感，而其他人则发现养狗者和不养狗者之间没有任何区别。

A new, comprehensive study has now brought up partial support for this hypothesis. While some dog emotions like anger and happiness were easily recognised from a young age - suggesting they could be inherent - the authors argue this ability is mainly acquired through experience.

一项新的综合研究已经部分支持了这一假设。虽然一些狗狗的情绪，如愤怒和快乐，在很小的时候就很容易被识别出来——这表明它们可能是与生俱来的——但作者认为这种能力主要是通过经验获得的。

In other words, recognising a dog's facial expression is not an evolutionarily selected trait, but rather a consequence of our cultural environment.

换句话说，识别狗的面部表情不是一种进化选择的特征，而是我们的文化环境的结果。

In particular, participants with more general dog experience were overall more proficient at recognising dog emotions than participants with less general dog experience, the authors conclude.

作者总结道:“特别是，总体而言，有更多狗狗经验的参与者，比那些没有狗狗经验的参与者，更善于识别狗狗的情绪。”