A new tool from the maker of ChatGPT aims to help deal with concerns about how artificial intelligence (or AI) can be used to cheat in school.
ChatGPT 制造商推出的一款新工具旨在帮助解决人们对人工智能（或 AI）如何被用于在学校作弊的担忧。
 
The tool is called AI Text Classifier. It is designed to identify writing that was produced not by students but by AI programs.
该工具称为 AI 文本分类器。它旨在识别不是由学生而是由人工智能程序创作的作品。
 
The tool was launched by OpenAI, an AI technology company based in San Francisco. The company is the maker of ChatGPT, an AI system that can produce any kind of writing on demand. Many education officials are concerned that ChatGPT could fuel academic dishonesty and harm learning.
该工具由位于旧金山的人工智能技术公司 OpenAI 推出。该公司是 ChatGPT 的制造商，ChatGPT 是一种人工智能系统，可以按需生成任何类型的文字。许多教育官员担心 ChatGPT 可能助长学术不端行为并损害学习。
 
But, OpenAI warns that its new AI Text Classifier tool – like others already available – is not perfect. The method for detecting AI-written writing "will be wrong sometimes," said Jan Leike of OpenAI.
但是，OpenAI 警告说，它的新 AI 文本分类器工具——就像其他已经可用的工具一样——并不完美。OpenAI 的 Jan Leike 说，检测AI 书写的方法“有时会出错”。
 
"Because of that," he added, "it shouldn't be solely relied upon when making decisions."
“正因为如此，”他补充说，“在做决定时不应该仅仅依赖它。”
 
In the U.S.
在美国
 
Teenagers and college students were among the millions of people who began experimenting with ChatGPT after it launched on November 30. The tool is a free service on OpenAI's website.
ChatGPT 于 11 月 30 日推出后，数以百万计的青少年和大学生开始试用它。该工具是 OpenAI 网站上的一项免费服务。
 
Many people have found ways to use it creatively and harmlessly. Still, some educators are concerned about the ease with which it could answer take-home test questions or do other assignments.
许多人已经找到了创造性且无害地使用它的方法。尽管如此，一些教育工作者仍然担心它能否轻松回答家庭测试问题或完成其他作业。
 
School districts around the country report they are seeing discussions about ChatGPT change quickly.
全国各地的学区报告说，他们看到有关 ChatGPT 的讨论变化很快。
 
By the time schools opened for the new year, New York City, Los Angeles, and other big public school districts in the United States began to block its use in classrooms and on school devices.
到新年开学时，纽约市、洛杉矶和美国其他大型公立学区开始禁止在教室和学校设备上使用它。
 
The Seattle Public School district blocked ChatGPT on all school devices in December but then opened it to educators. District spokesman Tim Robinson said teachers wanted to use ChatGPT as a teaching tool.
西雅图公立学区于 12 月在所有学校设备上屏蔽了 ChatGPT，但随后向教育工作者开放。学区发言人蒂姆·罗宾逊 (Tim Robinson) 表示，教师们希望使用 ChatGPT 作为教学工具。
 
"We can't afford to ignore it," Robinson said.
“我们不能忽视它，”罗宾逊说。
 
The district is also discussing expanding the use of ChatGPT to classrooms to let teachers use it to teach students critical thinking. Students could also use the service as a "personal tutor" or to help create ideas when working on an assignment, Robinson said.
该地区还在讨论将 ChatGPT 的使用扩展到课堂，让教师用它来教学生批判性思维。罗宾逊说，学生还可以将这项服务用作“私人导师”，或者在完成作业时帮助创造想法。
 
OpenAI wrote about the limitations of its detection tool on a blog recently. But the company added that the tool could help to find disinformation campaigns and misuse of AI to mimic humans in addition to catching plagiarism.
OpenAI 最近在博客上写了关于其检测工具的局限性。但该公司补充说，除了发现剽窃之外，该工具还可以帮助发现虚假信息活动和滥用人工智能来模仿人类。
 
The longer a piece of writing, the better the tool is at detecting if an AI system or a human wrote something. AI Text Classifier can examine any piece of writing whether it is a college admissions essay, or a literary study of Ralph Ellison's Invisible Man. The tool will then claim it as either "very unlikely, unlikely, unclear if it is, possibly, or likely" AI-created.
一篇文章越长，该工具就越能检测出是人工智能系统还是人类写的东西。AI 文本分类器可以检查任何文章，无论是大学入学论文，还是拉尔夫埃里森的隐形人的文学研究。然后，该工具将声称它是“非常不可能、不太可能、不清楚它是否、可能或可能”是人工智能创造的。
 
But much like ChatGPT itself, it is not easy to say how AI Text Classifier comes up with a result, Leike said.
但就像 ChatGPT 本身一样，很难说 AI 文本分类器是如何得出结果的，Leike 说。
 
There is a lot about the tool that is still not well understood. He said, "There's really not much we could say at this point about how the classifier actually works."
关于该工具的很多内容仍未得到很好的理解。他说，“关于分类器的实际工作原理，目前我们真的无话可说。”
 
International opinions
国际意见
 
Colleges around the world also have begun debating responsible use of AI technology. The Paris Institute of Political Studies, or Sciences Po, one of France's most famous universities, banned its use recently. Sciences Po warned that anyone found using ChatGPT and other AI tools to produce written or spoken work could be banned from the school and other institutions.
世界各地的大学也开始讨论负责任地使用人工智能技术。法国最著名的大学之一巴黎政治学院或巴黎政治学院最近禁止使用它。 Sciences Po 警告说，任何被发现使用 ChatGPT 和其他人工智能工具来制作书面或口头作品的人都可能被学校和其他机构禁止。
 
To answer criticism, OpenAI said it has been working for several weeks to create new recommendations to help educators.
为了回应批评，OpenAI 表示它已经工作了数周，以创建新的建议来帮助教育工作者。
 
France's digital economy minister Jean-Noël Barrot recently met in California with OpenAI leaders, including CEO Sam Altman. Barrot a week later told people gathered at the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland that he was hopeful about the technology. But the government minister said there are also difficult moral questions that will need to be dealt with.
法国数字经济部长 Jean-Noël Barrot 最近在加利福尼亚会见了 OpenAI 领导人，包括首席执行官 Sam Altman。一周后，巴罗特告诉聚集在瑞士达沃斯世界经济论坛的人们，他对这项技术充满希望。但政府部长表示，还有一些棘手的道德问题需要解决。
 
"So if you're in the law faculty, there is room for concern because obviously ChatGPT, among other tools, will be able to deliver exams that are relatively impressive," he said. "If you are in the economics faculty, then you're fine because ChatGPT will have a hard time finding or delivering something that is expected when you are in a graduate-level economics faculty."
“因此，如果你在法学院工作，就需要担心，因为显然 ChatGPT 以及其他工具将能够提供相对令人印象深刻的考试，”他说。 “如果你在经济学系，那很好，因为 ChatGPT 很难找到或提供你在研究生级别的经济学系时所期望的东西。”
 
He said it will be increasingly important for users to understand how these systems work so they know what biases might exist.
 
他说，用户了解这些系统的工作原理将变得越来越重要，这样他们才能知道可能存在哪些偏见。