曲根托福词汇整理

List 1
1.Cacophonous:发音不和谐的,嘈杂的   cacophony  Phon=>sound
Euphonious: eu=>well  悦耳的   eulogy:颂词
Phonograph: graph=>to write  留声机     Symphony: 交响乐
2.callous:无情的,心肠狠的  calloused hands 长满老茧的
3.calumniate:诽谤,中伤(vilify,malign)  calumny
Slander:(口头)诽谤,破口大骂   slender:苗条
Libel:(文字)诽谤  label:标签
4.camouflage:(军事上)伪装  belie  disguise   dissimulate
Masquerade:伪装
5.cantankerous:脾气坏的
Peevish:(pee)(pervert)       bilious:(bile:胆)
Irascible:(erase、rase)       liverish:(liver:肝脏)
Crabbed:(crab:螃蟹)
Waspish:(wasp:黄蜂)
6.canvass:游说(lobby),拉票;细查,讨论   Canvas:帆布
7.captious:吹毛求疵的,挑剔的
Cap=>head(capital captain);to catch(capture)
Cape:斗篷;海角(the cape of good hope)   captivate:使迷惑
Caption:图片标题,插图(illustration)说明   capitulate:surrender投降
Precipice:悬崖(cliff) precipitious:陡峭的  cavil:吹毛求疵  carp:鲤鱼
Finicky:吹毛求疵的     Fastidious:难以取悦的 fast:斋戒
Lsit 2
1.Cardinal:主要的,最重要的 paramount minor card/cord=>heart
Cordial:热心的,热情的   cardiologist:心脏病专家
Cardiac:心脏的 ~surgery   concord:和谐一致 Discord:不和谐,不一致
2.carnage:屠杀,大屠杀 carn=>flesh carnivore/herbivore/omnivore
Omni=>all   age=>变成一个动作的结果
Carnal:肉体的,肉欲的  ~pleasure  spiritual
Carcass:(动物的)尸体  ass:屁股;驴   Reincarnate:使转世,使化身
Slay        slaughter      massacre         assassinate/assassin  
execute   lynch:处以私行     holocaust   caust=>burn
3.cataclysm:灾难,大洪水  disaster   aster=>star
Catastrophe  cata=>down/fully  catalogue      calamity
4.censorious:受批判的  censor=>审查 censorship
Censure:谴责,批判    Census:人口普查   Consensus:共识
5.cession:割让,转让   cess/ceed/cede=>to go  access
Su+双写=>sub  success     Cede:割让,转让
Recede:后退,倒退         intercede:调停,调解
Concede:妥协,让步/admit/avow/aver   secede:脱离,退出 se=>apart
Accede:加入/concent        antecede:ante=>before 先行,超过
Precede:先于…  precedent:先例   unprecedented:史无前例的
 
 
List 3
1.chastise:严惩,惩罚  punish
Chasten:体罚,惩罚     chast/cast=>pure/throw
Chaste:纯洁的,贞洁的     Caste:(印度社会种族)阶级
Castigate:谴责censure/惩罚chastise
Overcast:gloomy/cloudy/忧郁的
Downcast:沮丧的dejected           
Outcast:被驱逐的
2.chauvinism:沙文主义 nihilism:虚无主义
male ~:大男子主义    jingoism:金戈主义
3.chivalrous:有武士风度,绅士风度的  val=>strong/value
Cavalier:骑士 knight     valiant:英勇的gallant/gall    valor/valorous
Convalesce:恢复,康复 recover   invalid:无效的/病人
4.choreography:舞蹈学  chore=>sing/dance  choreographer
Choir:唱诗班     chorus:合唱队,和音
5.circumlocution:累赘的陈述 loc/log/loqu=>speak
Loquacious:话多的           eloquent:口才好的,雄辩的
Obloquy:诽谤 calumny       interlocution:对话    eulogy
Colloquy:谈话,闲谈 colloquial:口头的 ~language   acious=>many
Soliloquy:自言自语              sol=>alone
 
List 4
1.clairvoyance:透视力,洞察力 insight  acumen   Voy/vis=>to see
2.clement:和蔼可亲的  benign  amiable  amicable
Inclement:狂暴的;冷酷无情的  
3.cogitate on:思考,考虑 agitate:煽动,鼓动
Deliberate:on purpose/cogitate  deliberately  libertine
Contemplate: temple=>寺庙、太阳穴
Ruminate on      Ponder that/over:pound=>磅  er=>反复
4.coltish:轻佻的,不受拘束的,小马似的  mule/mulish   bull/bullish
Colt:小马  jolt:颠簸  molt:脱毛,换羽  dolt:傻瓜
5.combustible:易燃的 burst/burn    Spontaneous combustion:自燃
Inflammable:易燃的/易怒的      Ignite:点燃     kindle:点燃
6.commensurate with:相称的,相当的 measure
Tantamount to:相等的 Congruent:全等的,一致的
Commemorate:纪念     
Consummate:圆满的,完美的/完美完成     summit:顶峰,顶点
7.complacent:自满的,得意的 please   Complaisant:顺从的,讨好的
8.conciliation:安抚,安慰  conciliate  cil=>call
Reconcile:和解 be reconciled with   supercilious:傲慢无礼的
9.condiment:调味品 seasoning  season:加调料  cond=>hide abscond
Recondite:深奥难懂的  Opaque  
 
List 5
1.confide:倾诉,委托,相信  fid=>to believe  confident
Confidant:密友,知己   Diffident:缺乏自信的
Fidelity:忠诚    Perfidious:per=>away disloyal 不忠的,背信弃义的
Defy:违抗  defiance/defiant  deny
2.constrict:压缩,限制 restrict  strict/strain=>tighten  restraint
Astrict:束缚,使收缩  constrain:拘禁/抑制 restrain:抑制、限制           
compress:压缩   oppress:压抑,压迫
suppress(强权的)镇压      repress(正当的)镇压
3.contiguity:接触,接近  ~ of A and B  tig=>tact/tang=>to touch
Tact:机智,圆滑    intact:完好无损的,完整的 
tangle:(物体,关系)纠缠 le=>反复  tangible:能触摸到的
contagion:接触性传染  contagious   proximity to:邻近,接近
4.contumacy:拒不服从,倔强  tum=>bloated  tumor
Contumely:傲慢无礼   Tumid:肿胀的  Tumult:骚乱,动乱
5.conundrum:谜语 riddle puzzle   enigma  enigmatic
6.convict:证明有罪 acquit  vict/vinc=>to conquer
Conviction:有罪、相信/坚信
Evict:(从房屋内)驱逐         invincible:不可征服的   
Evince:表明                 vanquish:征服
7.convivial friends:欢宴的  vivi/vit=>life/live  vitamin
Vivacious:活泼的Vivify:使生动   Vitality:生命力 vitalize:激发,激励
List 6
1.corporate:法人的,共同的,全体的 corporation copor=>body
Incorporate:体现embody/合并  corporeal:肉体的/物质的/有形的
Corpulent:肥胖的,臃肿的     corpse:body
2.cosmic:宇宙的  cosm=>universe  insular:岛屿的/狭隘的
Cosmos:宇宙   cosmopolitan:世界性的,世界主义的/四海为家的
3.craven:懦夫,胆小鬼 timid/coward  
Cringe:畏缩,害怕/adulate谄媚     cavern:洞穴,大上冻
Fringe:边缘 infringe:侵犯,违反
4.crusade:十字军东征/改革运动  ade:名词后缀,表集合cruc=>cross
Crucial:关键的,至关重要的 crux:关键,要点 crucify:使折磨,使痛苦
5.curt:简短而草率的    curb:抑制/马路边  goad:刺激,激发/赶牛棒
6.cynic:犬儒主义,愤世嫉俗者 cyn=>dog
Cynical unbelieving/sarcastic       cynicism
7.dearth:缺乏  shortage/lack
Paucity:pauper乞丐 poverty      
Deficiency:sufficient充足的
Scarcity:scarce缺乏的 scar scant scanty
Glut:gluttony饕餮,暴食 glutinous:黏的
Plethora:plenty        scad:scarce
8.debris:碎片,残骸  space debris
 
List 7
1.decipher:破译,解码  cipher=>密码 code:密码,代码/准则,原则
Encode:加密码  decode:解码
2.deduct:扣除  deductible  deductibles  duce/duct=>to lead
Duct:导管    abduct:诱拐,拐卖 kidnap   aqueduct:水渠   
conduce to:contribute to  seduce sb into doing:(色)勾引  
induce sb to do:(言语)引诱
3.default:默认值/疏忽职责/拖欠  fall/false=>mistake
Fallible:易犯错的   infallibility:一贯正确   fallacy:谬论  
falsify:篡改,伪造    falsehood:虚假,谎言  false tooth
4.deleterious:有害的,有毒的  baneful   Indelible:不可磨灭的
Detrimental:有害的 trim:修剪/整齐的,整洁的
5.delineate:(图片,文字)描绘  line
Depict:描绘  recount:重新清点/讲述  relate:讲述,叙述
6.delinquency:行为不良,(青少年)犯罪  juvenile delinquency
Rejuvenate:返老还童   junior:大三生/年少的Senior:长者/大四学生
7.delirium:精神狂乱,狂喜  insane  Delirious  lure:诱惑
demented:精神错乱的 mental   deranged:精神错乱的 range
in frenzy:extreme excitement  freak:疯子,怪胎
8.deluge:洪水,大雨/泛滥,淹没  lu/lau=>to wash  laundry
Dilute:稀释,冲淡 dilate:膨胀,扩大  lavish:奢侈浪费的/浪费
lavatory:厕所,盥洗室
list 8
1.demarcate:划分界限  mark
immaculate:spotless无瑕的 maculate maculated   flaw:瑕疵 flawless
2.demur:提出异议,反对  demure:端庄的/严肃的  mature
Decry:抗议,谴责   descry:远远看到   describe
deprecate:抗议,谴责     depreciate:贬值,贬低
3.denunciation:(公开)谴责  denounce announce scold  pronunciation  
Renounce:放弃权利,信仰    enunciate:阐明/articulate illuminate
Reprove:反对,谴责  approve   re=>against
Reproach:反对,谴责  approach
Reprehend:反对,谴责  comprehend
reprimand:反对,谴责  command
rebuke:反对,谴责     不可
4.deport:举止(deportment)驱逐(deportation)  port=>carry
Portable:便携的  potable:drinkable     Disport:嬉戏
5.destitution:穷困,缺乏,贫穷  stitute=>to stand 
Destitute:贫穷的  prostitute:妓女prostitution  restitute:偿还,归还
Institute  constitute  substitute   sist=>stand  subsist on fish:live on
Impoverish:使贫穷  penury:贫穷peny  indigent:贫穷的
 
 
List 9
1.Deteriorate:恶化   worsen  exacerbate  aggravate  terror
Deter:阻吓,阻碍  deterrent:阻碍物
Ameliorate:改善,提高  inprove  male=>evil  hire/fire
2.dexterous:灵巧的,惯用右手的  dextr=>right  ambidextrous
Dexterity:敏捷,灵巧
3.diatribe:抨击,谩骂 Tribe:部落  dia=>between/across  diagonal
Accolade:表扬,赞美 collar:领子 acclaim:喝彩,称赞  
commend:公开赞扬 command recommend  eulogize:歌颂 eulogy
exalt、extol:高歌颂扬 altitude  tall
Compliment:赞扬  complement:补充  laud:歌颂 lord:上帝
4.dilapidated:年久失修的,破旧的 lapid=>stone  Lapidary:宝石工艺匠  
Derelict:弃置的、玩忽职守的  relics:遗迹  relinquish:(勉强)放弃
Decrepit:衰老的、破旧的    cre=>create
5.discompose:不安  compose:创作composition/组成/镇定composure
Decompose:分解    pose=>to put  im=>on
Expose:暴露 propose:提出/求婚 dispose:处理/陈列 impose:强加于
Depose:罢免,免职  repose:睡觉,休息  transpose:改换位置/顺序
juxtapose:并排放 junction:连接处 conjunction:连词superimpose:叠加
6.disillusion:幻灭/大失所望 illusion:幻觉 delusion:幻觉 lus/lud=>play
Prelude:前奏  interlude:间奏  postlude:尾声   delude:deceive
Allude to:暗指  collude:勾结/串通  elude:躲避  elusive:晦涩难懂的
List 10
1.disposed:有…倾向的 be disposed to
Disposition:性情,性格  indisposition:微恙,小病  predisposition:倾向
Penchant:倾向,喜好  inclination   
orientation:开学适应/religious political sexual倾向
2.disseminate:散布,散开  dis=>apart  semin=>seed  seminar semen
Inseminate:受精,使怀孕  artificial insemination
3.distraught:不安的,发狂的  distract:分心,分散注意力 
tract=>draw  contract:拉紧,收缩  attract
detract:贬低,诋毁  protract:延长  extract:拔出,取出/摘录  
subtract:减去  intractable:难以驾驭管束的retract:收回,取消
4.divestiture:deprive剥夺/take off脱衣服divest vest:背心life vest/赋予
Transvestite:异装癖者  travesty:拙劣的模仿
Strip:脱衣服off  a strip show/剥夺   don:穿上   doff:脱去
5.dormant: dormitory睡眠状态,静止的dormant/active/extinct volcano
Slumber:sleeper  hibernate:冬眠
6.drab:土褐色的,单调的  crab
Monotonous:单调的   dreary:沉闷的,乏味的
humdrum:单调,乏味   tedious: 冗长乏味的 extend
Monologue:独白
 
 
List 11
1.drudge:做苦工(的人)  drive
Toil to:苦干 toilet    fag:苦干  fact
2.ebullience:热情洋溢,沸腾  
Exultant:兴高采烈 exult  exalt  exuberant:茂盛的/兴高采烈
exhilarate:使高兴,激动  exhilarating  hilarious:令人捧腹的
3.elicit:套话,诱出  draw out the secret from sb  lic=>lure  lust
Licit:legal licence    illicit:illegal
4.elope:私奔,逃走  lope:d大步慢跑  lop=>leg/run  gallop:(马)飞奔
5.eminent:显赫的,杰出的  eminence  
Prominent:突出的,显赫的  preeminent:突出的,显赫的
Imminent:即将发生的 imminent war/disaster  renowned:卓越显赫的
6.emollient:柔软的/润肤剂 moll=>soft  mill
Mollify:软化/安抚,减轻 beautify mollusk:软体动物
demolish:拆迁/摧毁  devastate
7.enervate:削弱,虚弱  enervated  nerve
Debilitate:衰弱,虚弱 ability    enfeeble:使虚弱  feeble虚弱的
8.ensue:跟着发生 a fight ensued after…
Sue:(经济)charge   hue:色调  cue:暗指,暗示  rue:regret
 
 
 
List 12
1.entomology:昆虫学  tom=>cut  atom  insect  sect=>cut
Anatomy:就剖学    epitome:abstract摘要/a good example范例,缩影
Bisect:一分为二 bi=>two   dissect:解剖  intersect:横切,横断
2.epidemic:流行的,传染的  epi=>on/among/behind  epigraph
挨批米修斯/潘多拉 epi epilogue     普罗米修斯  pro prologue
Demo=>people  democracy:民主     demographic:人口统计学的
Endemic:地方性的  pandemic:全国流行的   pan=>all
3.equilibrium:平衡   libr=>libra:天平  equa=>equal
Equitable:公正的,公平的  equable:(性格)温和的  iniquity:不公正
Disinterested:公正的,公平的   uninterested
4.etch:蚀刻   itch:挠痒痒    efface:擦除,抹去  erase
Deface:损坏..的表面   facet:面/aspect   facade:(建筑物)正面
facetious:好开玩笑的,不严肃的 
5.euphoria:精神欢快   phor=>fer=>to carry  
Defer:delay 推迟,延期   confer:协商  conference
Glee:高兴     bliss:极乐/美满 bless   mirth:高兴 miracle:奇迹
ecstasy:狂喜
 
 
 
 
list 13
1.excrete:排泄,分泌  secrete:分泌/藏匿  secret  cret=>separate
Discrete:分开的,不连续的    discreet:小心翼翼的
2.exculpate:开罪,脱罪  culp=>guilt  inculpate:证明有罪
Culpable:有罪的/应受谴责的   culprit:罪犯
3.exempt:免除/被免除的 be exempt from
empt/em=>to take example
Preempt:抢先占有/优先购买  redemption:赎回/救赎redeem red=>re
4.exonerate:证明无罪  oner/on=>burden
Onerous:繁苛的,繁重的  onus:负担 burden
5.explicable:可说明的,可解释的  explain  plic/ply=>fold multiply
Explicate:解释,说明 explain  implicate:暗示/牵连,卷入 imply
explicit:直接的,明显的      implicit:含蓄隐晦的
6.extemporize:即兴创作  improvise   temporary  contemporary
Offhand:即兴的    impromptu:即兴的  prompt:立即的,迅速的
7.extricate:使解脱,救出   trick  intricate:complicated
8.exude:流出,渗出   sweat/sweater  exodus:大批的离开 influx
Ooze:缓慢地渗出
 
 
 
 
List 14
1.fallow:休耕地,休耕的  fellow   follow   fall  in use
Callow:年轻而无经验的/羽翼未丰的
wallow:打滚  hallow:奉为神圣
2.fawn:小鹿/on奉承,讨好 
fauna:animal groups动物群 flora:植物群
Adulate/cringe  flatter:谄媚 flat   toady:拍马屁/马屁精 today
sycophant:谄媚的/马屁精  suck up to
3.feign:假装   ~ death  pretend  feint:假装/佯攻
Simulate:模拟/假装  similar
4.flag:衰退,衰减  wane  fl=>fly/bend
Flee:逃离  fling:猛扔,猛抛  flit:掠过,飞走  fleeting:短暂的
flinch:畏缩,退缩  flexible time
5.flamboyant:(着装)炫耀的,华丽的  boisterous  boycott
Ostentatious:张扬的  showy:炫耀
6.flaunt:挥动/炫耀
Gaunt:憔悴的  daunt:恐吓/使气馁  
vaunt:吹牛  taunt:嘲笑
haunt:萦绕  jaunt:(短途)旅行  
saunter:漫步徘徊
 
 
list 15
1.flip:投,掷/轻率的,无礼的flippant  flip a coin   toss up
2.flock:羊群/鸟群/人群 a flock of
Herd:牛群   school/shoal:鱼群   pack:狼群 wolf  pride:狮群 lion swarm:蜜蜂群bee   gaggle:鹅群 goose
3.flout:藐视,违抗  defy
Tout:拉客/极力赞扬   snout:口鼻部sn=>nose sneeze  snore
rout:击败,打败
4.foliage:树叶,植物    foli=>leaf
Defoliate:使落叶    foliate:叶状的
5.forestall:预防,阻止 prevent  install:安装  stall:停止
Foreshadow:预示   foresight:有远见  forebear:祖先 ancestor  foreboding:预感,凶兆 omen
6.forfeit:没收,丧失  feit=>fact=>make
Surfeit:饮食过度 sur=>on/more     counterfeit:伪造(钱)
Confiscate:没收,充公  fiscal:财政的
 
 
 
 
 
 
List 16
1.forger:伪造者,铁匠  forge:伪造(书,文)/铸造  fake  counterfeit
2.fossilise:使成为化石  fossil   oss=>bone  ash:骨灰
Ossify:骨化/使思想僵化,墨守成规  ossuary:骨灰盒
3.fraud:(对公众的)欺骗 佛洛依德 defraud:欺骗 fraudulent:不诚实的
Delude:欺骗   deceive:欺骗
4.frivolity:轻浮,草率  fri=>free   vol=>will   frivolous
Volition:意志力,决心  
5.fugitive:逃亡者,亡命者   refugee:难民   fug=>escape
Centrifugal force:离心力    fugacious:易逃逸的
6.futile:无用的,琐碎的  fragile 注意读音   Fertile:肥沃的  
Fut/fus/fud=>pour  refuse  confuse
Refute:反驳,驳斥  suffuse:充满(情感/色彩)  profuse:充沛的/浪费的
diffuse:弥漫,扩散  infuse:灌输  effuse:流出,泻出  
effusive:热情洋溢的  fuddle:喝醉/使迷惑
7.gainsay:否认  avow/aver  gain=>against
Negate:negative否认   disclaim:否认,否定
8.garnish:装饰(菜)    garlic:大蒜    adorn  ornament
Garish:俗艳的  garment:服装
Embellish:装饰   emblazon:(图案,文字)装饰   festoon:张灯结彩

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