455　be made of，be made from，be made in，be made for，be made by，be made into，be made out of，be made with和be made up of

① be made of表示“由……制成”，指制成品还可见原材料的模样，原材料的本质不变。

This chair is made of wood. 这把椅子是用木头做的。（木头的性质、形状没变）

The bridge is made of stones. 这座桥是石头造的。（仍可见石头）

These bottles are made of glass. 这些瓶子是玻璃造的。（仍可见玻璃）

② be made from也表示“由……制成”，但制成品已不见原材料的模样，原材料的本质已发生化学变化。

Wine is made from rice. 酒是米酿制的。（酒中已不可见到米，本质已变化）

Gas is made from coal. 煤气由煤制成。

Salt is made from sea water. 盐是海水制成的。（已不可见海水）

③ be made in表示“在某个地方造的”，in后面跟地点名词。

This car is made in Shanghai. 这辆轿车是上海造的。

That radio is made in Japan. 那台收音机是日本造的。

④ be made for表示“为某人、某物或干某事造的”，后跟人、物或动名词。

That machine is made for them by the factory. 那台机器是由这家工厂为他们造的。

These tractors are made for that country. 这些拖拉机是为那个国家造的。

This knife is made for cutting meat. 这把刀是为切肉做的。

⑤ be made by表示“由……造的，被……造的”，为被动语态结构，后跟动作的执行者。

This desk is made by an old worker. 这张桌子是由一位老工人做的。

These toys are made by our factory. 这些玩具是由我们厂制造的。

⑥ be made into表示“（某种原料）可以制成（某种成品）”，主语为原料，into的宾语为成品。make sth. into sth. 表示“把某物制成某物”。

Milk can be made into butter and cheese. 牛奶可以制成黄油和乳酪。

Stones can be made into bridges. 石头可以造桥。

They make glass into bottles. 他们把玻璃制成瓶子。

Glass is made into bottles. 玻璃制成瓶子。

We make cloth into different kinds of clothes. 我们把布做成不同种类的衣服。

Cloth is made into different kinds of clothes. 布被做成不同种类的衣服。

⑦ be made out of表示“（某个成品）由……制成”。

The box is made out of cedar wood. 这个盒子是用杉木做成的。

⑧ be made with表示“用……做”，with后跟原料。

Steamed bread is made with flower. 面包是用面粉做的。

A fruit cake is made with fruit. 水果蛋糕用水果制成。

⑨ be made up of表示“由……组成，由……制成”。

This museum is made up of three parts. 这座博物馆由3个部分组成。

Our class is made up of forty students. 我们班由40名学生组成。