34 名词与冠词使用的重要技巧 Track28
从名词角度来看,对于名词与冠词的使用,以下几条是核心:
(1)单数可数名词
单数可数名词不能单独使用,必须与冠词或其他限定词连用。
我们可以说: the boy, a boy, his boy, the woman's boy, a clever boy
但一般不说:boy
I really need a new computer.
(2)复数名词和不可数名词
对于复数名词和不可数名词,以下两点须掌握:
1)不能与不定冠词a(n)连用。
不能说:a bread* an information* a ships* an oranges*
2)复数名词或不可数名词在表示泛指时,不可用the。复数名词或不可数名词在表示特指时,要用the。
a. Life is hard sometimes.
(泛指)生活有时会很艰难。不说:The life is hard sometimes.*
b. Life is education in itself. (泛指)生活本身就是教育。
c. The writer is writing a book about the life of blacks in America.
(特指)这位作家正在写一本关于美国黑人生活的书。
d. I love music, poetry and art. (泛指一切音乐、诗歌及艺术)
不说:I love the music, the poetry and the art.*
e. I don't like the film, but I like the music (of the film).
(特指这部电影的音乐)
f. Air is a colorless and tasteless gas. 空气是一种无色无味的气体。
g. The air in this room is stuffy. Please open the windows.
这房间里空气不好,请把窗户打开。
h. Books become more and more expensive. (泛指一切书都在涨价)
i. Put away the books on your desk.
(特指)把你书桌上的那些书都摆整齐了。
j. Pencils contain lead. 铅笔里含有铅。
k. Who put the pencils on the table? 谁把铅笔放在桌上的?
l. Sugar isn't very good for you. 糖对你不太有好处。
m. Can you pass me the sugar, please? 请把糖递给我好吗?
请注意,表示特指的复数可数名词或不可数名词,一般带有各种短语或从句作后置定语,以限定这些名词所指的事物范围。如上句中的on your desk, of blacks in America, in this room。