48 将来完成时动作开始的时间 Track 048
现在完成时,是以“现在”为坐标时间,来描述开始于现在之前(即过去)的动作持续到现在。过去完成时,是以“过去”为坐标时间,来描述开始于过去某一时刻之前(即过去的过去)的动作持续到过去这一时刻。同理,将来完成时,是以“将来”为坐标时间,来表示开始于将来之前(可能是过去、现在或将来)的动作持续到将来。注意,这里说动作开始于“将来之前”,意味着动作开始的时间可能是:①过去某一时刻;②现在某一时刻;③将来某一时刻。但动作开始的时间并不重要,关键是说话人要站在将来的某一时间来谈某一动作的完成情况。例如:
We will have taken five exams by next Friday.
到下个星期五之前,我们将完成五门考试。
1) 我们可能是昨天开始考试的:We started our exams yesterday and we will have taken five exams by next Friday.
We will have taken five exams by next Friday.
到下个星期五之前,我们将完成五门考试。
1) 我们可能是昨天开始考试的:We started our exams yesterday and we will have taken five exams by next Friday.

2) 我们可能是今天开始考试的:We have started our exams today and we will have taken five exams by next Friday.

3) 我们也可能是明天才开始考试:We will start our exams tomorrow and we will have taken five exams by next Friday.

但具体是哪一天开始的并不重要,说话人强调的是他们“星期五前要完成五门考试”。