考点3 强调和强调句型

1. 助动词do表示强调

谓语动词前用do的形式加强语气，相当于“务必，千万，一定；确定”等。它通常只能强调一般现在时和一般过去时。

He does look well. 他确实看上去很健康。

You did give me a fright. 你可真是吓了我一跳。

Do be careful in making such experiment. 做这样的实验千万要小心。

2. 强调句型

强调句型为：It is（was）+除谓语以外的被强调部分+that/who+句子其他部分。

构成强调句的it本身没有词义；强调句中的连接词一般只用that，强调的主语如果是人，可以由who代替that。即使在强调时间状语和地点状语时that或who也不可省略。强调句中的时态一般只有两种，一般现在时和一般过去时，原句谓语动词是一般过去时、过去完成时和过去进行时，用It was...，其余的时态用It is...。

强调主语：It was Tom who/that found my pen in the classroom yesterday.

昨天是汤姆在教室里找到了我的笔。

强调宾语：It was my pen that Tom found in the classroom yesterday.

昨天汤姆在教室里找到的是我的笔。

强调地点状语：It was in the classroom that Tom found my pen yesterday.

昨天汤姆是在教室里找到我的笔的。

强调时间状语：It was yesterday that Tom found my pen in the classroom.

汤姆是昨天在教室里找到我的笔的。

注意

在某些情况下，强调句型中的It is（was）的be动词也可以有其他形式，比如：

It may have been... that/who... 或许是……

一般去掉It was that句子仍然成立，且句意通顺，则为强调句型，不成立不通顺，则为其他形式。

It is well known that Sherlock Holmes was a famous detective.（主语从句）

众所周知，夏洛克·福尔摩斯是一位著名的侦探。

It was three years that I spent in American for a further study.（定语从句）

我在美国深造了三年的时间。

It was on February 12, 1809 that Lincoln was born.（强调句型）

林肯是在1809年2月12日出生的。

It was three years ago that he went to American for a further study.（强调句型）

他是三年前去美国深造的。

3. 强调句型的疑问句式

（1）一般疑问式：直接把is或was提到it之前即可。

Was it Tom that found your pen in the classroom yesterday?

昨天是汤姆在教室里找到了你的笔吗？

（2）强调句型的特殊疑问式：“特殊疑问词+is/was+it+that+该句的其余部分”。

How is it that you usually go to work? 你通常是怎样去上班的?

4. 强调句型与not... until...句型连用

在强调not... until...结构中由until所引导的短语（或从句）作时间状语时，要用固定的强调句型：“It+is/was+not until...+that+其他”，that所引导的从句中的谓语动词用肯定式。

His father didn’t come back from work until 12 o’clock.

→It was not until 12 o’clock that his father came back form work.

直到12点他的爸爸才下班回家。

5. 强调句型与原因状语从句连用

若从句由as或since引导，强调时则改为because，这是因为because引导的原因从句表示的意义非常强烈，符合强调句的目的。

Since he joined the army, he had to give up his career as an actor.

→It was because he joined the army that he had to give up his career as an actor.

正是因为他参了军，所以他不得不放弃了作为演员的事业。