代词 正误速辨
1 我们都不喜欢这部电影。
误 We all don't like the film.
误 All of us don't like the film.
正 None of us like the film.
评 表示“我们都不”要用None of us...。
2 琳达，她是莉莉。
误 Linda, she is Lily.
正 Linda, this is Lily.
评 用英语介绍双方相识时，常用“this is...”结构。
3 我不能把他一个人留下。
误 I can't leave him himself .
正 I can't leave him by himself .
评 leave sb. by himself表示“把某人独个儿留下”，为习惯搭配。
4 是他写的那封信。
误 It's him who wrote the letter.
正 It's he who wrote the letter.
评 在正式场合，be动词后要用代词的主格形式，在口语中或在非正式场合可用代词的宾格形式。
5 那是什么？—那是椅子。
误 What's that?—That is a chair.
正 What's that?—It is a chair.
评 由this或that表示的问句，回答时要用it。it不译为“它”，而译为“这”或“那”。
6 我认为告诉你他们之间的区别很重要。
误 I think important to tell you the difference between them.
正 I think it important to tell you the difference between them.
评 think, find, feel等动词后常用it作形式宾语，而把真正宾语不定式后置。
7 这个书包不是我的，是她的。
误 This bag is not mine. It's her .
正 This bag is not mine. It's hers .
评 mine, ours, hers等名词性物主代词，可单独使用。my, her, our等形容词性物主代词，不可单独使用，后要跟具体的人或物。
8 这是谁的钢笔？—是汤姆的。
误 Whose pen is it? —Its Tom's.
正 Whose pen is it? —It's Tom's.
评 its是it的所有格形式，作定语。it's是it is的缩写。
9 谁能回答这个问题？我能！
误 Who can answer the question? I !
正 Who can answer the question? Me !
评 主格人称代词（I, we等）通常不单独使用，在简单回答中，一般用宾格人称代词。
10 那些是什么？—那些是鸡蛋。
误 What are those?—Those are eggs.
正 What are those?—They are eggs.
评 由these或those引起的问句，回答时要用they。
11 他们中谁会说英语？
误 Who of them can speak English?
正 Which of them can speak English?
评 which可指人或物，表示一定范围内的“哪一个，谁”。
12 她母亲是一位教师。
误 She mother is a teacher.
正 Her mother is a teacher.
评 “她母亲”要用代词所有格her，不可用代词主格。
13 任何人都不能摘这些花。
误 Anybody can not pick these flowers.
正 Nobody can pick these flowers.
评 anybody, anyone和anything用在肯定句中作主语，不可在否定句中作主语。nobody, no one和nothing用于否定句中作主语。
14 谁迟到了？—我想是玛丽。
误 Who is absent?—I think she is Mary.
正 Who is absent?—I think it's Mary.
评 回答Who is absent? Who's that等类似问句时，如果不能肯定是“谁”，常用it代替人。
15 他们哪一个也不知道答案。
误 Each of them doesn't know the answer.
正 None of them knows the answer.
评 each作主语时，只用于肯定句，不可用于否定句。
16 这是谁的词典？
误 Who's dictionary is this?
正 Whose dictionary is this?
评 who's是who is的缩写，不可作定语。whose意为“谁的”，作定语或表语。
17 我想喝点水，但杯子里没有水。
误 I want to drink some water, but there is nothing in the bottle.
正 I want to drink some water, but there is none in the bottle.
评 none作不可数名词表示“一点也没有”，相当于not any。nothing表示“没有什么（东西），什么（东西）也没有”。
18 这是她见过的最高的山。
误 It is the highest mountain which she has seen.
正 It is the highest mountain that she has seen.
评 作先行词的名词前有最高级修饰时，其后的定语从句要用that引导，不可用which。
19 所有这些书都是我的。
误 All these books are my .
正 All these books are mine .
评 mine是名词性物主代词，可作主语、表语或宾语，相当于my+名词。
20 就是在南京，她第一次遇见了他。
误 It was in Nanjing where she first met him.
正 It was in Nanjing that she first met him.
评 在“It is...that”强调结构中，无论强调地点、时间或人，均用that引导，不用where, which等。
21 这是艾丽丝的钥匙，请交给她。
误 This is Alice's key. Please give her it .
正 This is Alice's key. Please give it to her .
评 give可带双宾语。如果直接宾语代词是指物的it或them，只能说give it/them to sb.；如果直接宾语是名词，则可用give me the key或give the key to me。
22 我要说的就是：多注意你的发音。
误 What I want to say is that : Pay more attention to your pronunciation.
正 What I want to say is this : Pay more attention to your pronunciation.
评 this用于指代下面将要提及的事，that则指代上面已提到过的事。
23 他们所有人都喜欢这部电影。
误 All them like the film.
正 All of them like the film.
评 all不可直接修饰代词，要用“all of+代词宾格”结构。
24 他通常在星期天做家务。
误 He usually does his housework on Sunday.
正 He usually does housework on Sunday.
评 “做家务”要说do housework，不可加one's。
25 她本人和她的儿子都受了伤。
误 Herself and her son were hurt.
正 She and her son were hurt.
评 反身代词用于表示强调的场合。
26 玛丽穿着同莉莉一样的裙子。
误 Mary wears the same skirt that Lily wears.
正 Mary wears the same skirt as Lily wears.
评 the same...as表示“同……一样的”，但两者不是同一物，the same...that则表示两者为同一物。
27 你父亲是干什么的？—他是教师。
误 Who is your father?—He is a teacher.
正 What is your father?—He is a teacher.
正 What does your father do?—He is a teacher.
28 这个篮子里的苹果比那个篮子里的苹果大。
误 The apples in this basket are bigger than that in that basket.
正 The apples in this basket are bigger than those in that basket.
评 those和that均可指代前面已提到过的名词，those指代复数名词，that指代单数名词或不可数名词。
29 他自学英语。
误 He taught him English.
正 He taught himself English.
评 当主语与宾语为同一人时，要用反身代词。
30 他们两人，哪一个都会放风筝。
误 Any of them can fly a kite.
正 Either of them can fly a kite.
评 either表示“两个中的任何一个”；any表示“3个或3个以上中的任何一个”。
31 班上人人都喜欢运动。
误 Everyone in the class are fond of sports.
正 Everyone in the class is fond of sports.
评 everyone, everybody, everything, anyone, somebody等代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
32 他打了她的脸。
误 He hit her in her face .
正 He hit her in the face .
评 “打某人的脸”，要用hit sb. in the face，习惯表达。
33 这幅画多美啊！
误 How a beautiful picture it is!
正 What a beautiful picture it is!
正 How beautiful the picture is!
评 what引导感叹句修饰名词，名词前可有其他形容词修饰。how引导感叹句修饰形容词、副词或动词。
34 我有一块手表，但是几天前弄丢了。
误 I had a watch but I lost this a few days ago.
正 I had a watch but I lost it a few days ago.
评 指代前面已提到过的单数名词，要用it，不用this。
35 我有些重要的事要告诉你。
误 I have important something to tell you.
正 I have something important to tell you.
评 修饰不定代词something, nothing, anything, everything等的形容词，要后置。
36 我的雨伞丢了，我要再买一把。
误 I've lost my umbrella, I want to buy it again.
正 I've lost my umbrella, I want to buy one again.
评 one用于泛指，代替同一名称的另一件东西，两者不是同一物。
37 他自己洗衣服。
误 Himself washed the clothes.
正 He washed the clothes himself .
评 反身代词通常不作主语，而作主语或宾语的同位语，也可作动词宾语或介词宾语，常表示强调。
38 她昨天什么也没有吃。
误 She didn't eat something yesterday.
正 She didn't eat anything yesterday.
评 something用于肯定句，anything用于否定句和疑问句。
39 我没有词典，得买一本。
误 I haven't got a dictionary and have to buy that .
正 I haven't got a dictionary and have to buy one .
评 表示泛指的“a/an+名词”常用one代替，表示特指的“the+名词”常用that代替。
40 那是我自己的房间。
误 That's myself room.
正 That's my own room.
评 反身代词myself, ourselves等不可作定语。
41 一个人应随时向别人学习。
误 Someone should always be ready to learn from others.
正 One should always be ready to learn from others.
评 one表示“一个人，任何人”，为泛指，包括说话人在内。someone表示“某人，有人”。
42 她在晚会上玩得很高兴。
误 She enjoyed her at the party.
正 She enjoyed herself at the party.
评 enjoy oneself表示“过得快活，玩得快活”，要用反身代词作宾语。
43 每个人都尽了全力。
误 Everybody has done their best.
正 Everybody has done his best.
评 everybody为单数，应用his保持一致。
44 这两扇窗子都开着。
误 The windows both are open.
正 The windows are both open.
评 both作同位语时，一般要放在be动词、助动词、情态动词后，行为动词前。如：They both joined the army. （他们两人都参了军。） We must both read the book again. （我们两人都得把这本书再读一遍。）
【提示】 all用作同位语时的位置与both相同。
45 汽车来了，不是吗？
误 There comes the bus, doesn't there ?
正 There comes the bus, doesn't it ?
评 there be句型表示“存在”时，其附加问句仍用there引导。
46 你怎样处理这些旧书呢？
误 How will you do with these old books?
正 What will you do with these old books?
评 do with意为“处理，对付”，do是及物动词，应有宾语，故要用what，不用how。
47 所有这样的工具都是手工做的。
误 Such all tools are made by hand.
正 All such tools are made by hand.
评 指示代词such应放在any, one, few, some, all, no等修饰语后。
48 她昨天收到了他的来信。
误 She heard from his letter yesterday.
正 She heard from him yesterday.
正 She received his letter yesterday.
评 “收到来信”可以说hear from sb.或receive sb.'s letter。
49 我昨晚9点钟做完了家庭作业。
误 I finished homework at nine o'clock last night.
正 I finished my homework at nine o'clock last night.
评 do one's homework和finish one's homework为固定表达。
50 他们几个人谁也没爬那座山。
误 Neither of them climbed the mountain.
正 None of them climbed the mountain.
评 neither表示“两者都不”；none指“3个或3个以上都不”。
51 中国有多少人口？
误 How many is the population of China?
误 How much is the population of China?
正 What's the population of China?
评 问“多少人口”要用What's the population...?或How big is the population...?不可用how many或how much。
52 她的父母是医生。
误 Her father and her mother are doctors.
正 Her father and mother are doctors.
正 Her parents are doctors.
评 and连接的两个名词，关系密切时，常共用一个冠词或代词，如果关系不密切，则每个名词前均要用冠词或代词。
53 两个男孩都在房间里。
误 Either of the boys are in the room.
正 Either of the boys is in the room.
评 “either of, neither of+复数名词或代词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
54 我和莉莉在同一班上。
误 I and Lily are in the same class.
正 Lily and I are in the same class.
评 出于礼貌，英语中通常把you放在最前面，把I放在最后。
55 那里没有人，是吗？
误 Nobody is there, is anybody ?
正 Nobody is there, are they ?
评 nobody作陈述句的主语时，其反意疑问句通常要用they。
56 他说：“我知道答案。”
误 He said that, “I know the answer.”
正 He said, “I know the answer.”
评 在直接引语中，不用连接词that，在间接引语中才用that。
