414 have, have got和have got to
1 在口语中,have, has可同got连用,构成have got, has got, haven't got和hasn't got结构,在形式上是现在完成时,但在实际意义上相当于have和has,表示“有”,是一种更自然、更口语化的表示法。
你有小刀吗?
Have you a knife?
Have you got a knife?
我没有小刀。
I haven't a knife.
I have no knife.
I haven't got a knife.
2 have got to 相当于have to,意为“不得不”。但要注意,have got to 中的have为助动词,而have to 中的have 为行为动词。
We have got to do it again. 我们必须把它重做一下。
Have we got to do it again?(正)我们必须把它重做一下吗 ?
Do we have got to do it again? (误)
Do we have to do it again? (正)
Have we to do it again? (误)
3 当have 与助动词或情态动词连用时,不可用have got;当have 用作使役动词,表示“让,令”时,不可用have got;当have 用于进行时、过去时、完成时,不可用have got;当to have 位于另一动词后时,不可用to have got。
He doesn't have a car.(正) 他没有小汽车 。
He doesn't have got a car.(误)
We are having a class meeting.(正)我们在开班会 。
We are having got a class meeting.(误)
She had me arrange for a car to meet her at the airport. 她让我安排一辆车去机场接她。(不可用had got )
He wanted to have another try. 他想再试一次。(不可用have got )