2-Thursday 发明 191词

题材： 发明　 词数： 191　 建议阅读时间： 4分钟

阅读下面的短文，回答问题。

The Zipper is a wonderful invention．How did people ever live without zippers？They are very common，so we forget that they are wonderful．They are very strong，but they open and close very easily．They come in many colors and sizes．

In the 1890s，people in the United States wore high shoes with a long row of buttons．Women's clothes often had rows of buttons too．People wanted an easier way to put on and take off clothes．

Whitcomb L．Judson invented the zipper in 1893．He was an engineer in Chicago．He called the zipper a slide fastener．However，it didn't stay closed very well．This was embarrassing，and people didn't buy many of them．Then Dr．Gideon Sundback from Sweden solved this problem．

A zipper has three parts．1）There are dozens of metal or plastic hooks （called teeth）in two rows．2）These are fastened to two strips of cloth．The cloth strips are flexible．They bend easily．3）A fastener slides along and fastens the hooks together．When it slides the other way，it takes the hooks apart．

Dr．Sundback put the hooks on the strips of cloth．The cloth holds all the hooks in place．They don't come apart very easily．This solved the problem of the first zippers.

生词

row　n． （人或物）排，行：The examination took place in a large room filled with rows of desks．考试是在一间有许多排课桌的房间里举行的。

button　n． 纽扣：This shirt is too tight．I can't fasten the buttons．这件衬衫太瘦，扣不上扣子。

fasten　v． 扣住；拴牢；系紧；黏上：Please fasten your seat-belts．请系好安全带。/Could you fasten this suitcase for me？可不可以替我把衣箱锁好？‖fastener　n． 把东西固定在一起的物件（如纽扣、拉链、插销等）

hook　n． 钩（状物）：Hang your coat on the hook．把你的外衣挂在钩上。

flexible　adj． 易弯曲的，有弹性的：Dancers need to be flexible．跳舞的人身体要柔软易屈。

strip　n． 狭条，条状：a strip of land长条状土地/a strip of paper纸条

1．Why do we forget that zippers are wonderful？

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2．What kind of shoes did Americans wear in the 1890s？

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3．Why were the first zippers embarrassing？

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4．What part of the zipper is flexible？

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5．What did Dr．Sundback do to make zippers better？

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参考译文

拉链是一项神奇的发明。没有拉链的时候，人们该怎样生活？但现在它们太常见了，以至于我们忘掉了它们的神奇。它们非常结实，但开合自如。它们的色彩和大小都很丰富。

19世纪90年代，美国人穿的长统靴上有一长排纽扣。妇女的服装上通常也有数排纽扣。人们想找到一种穿脱都很方便的方法。

惠特康·L．贾德森于1893年发明了拉链。他是芝加哥的工程师。他把拉链叫做滑动紧固件。然而，这种东西并不很牢，容易出现尴尬的场面，所以买的人不多。后来，瑞典的吉登·桑德拜克医生解决了这个问题。

拉链有3部分。1）有数十个金属或塑料钩子（叫做“齿”）排成两列。2）这些齿被固定在两根布条上。布条有弹性。它们容易弯曲。3）一只拉头朝一边滑动时就把这些钩子固定在一起。当它反向滑动时，再把钩子分开。

桑德拜克医生把钩子固定在布条上。布就把所有钩子的位置确定了。它们不容易分开，这就解决了第一种拉链的问题。

参考答案

Thursday 1．They are very common．　2．High shoes with a long row of buttons.　3．They didn't stay closed very well．　4．The cloth strips.　5．He put the hooks on strips of cloth.