In at least five African countries, many people consider sports gambling as a way to get regular income.
在至少五个非洲国家，许多人将体育博彩视为获得固定收入的一种方式。
 
Some consider sports gambling a way out of poverty. But critics warn that sports betting in Africa is increasing while poverty, unemployment and a lack of industry rules remain big problems.
有些人认为体育博彩是摆脱贫困的一种方式。但批评人士警告说，非洲的体育博彩正在增加，而贫困、失业和缺乏行业规则仍然是大问题。
 
In one example, a Ugandan health official was so sure Argentina would win its World Cup soccer game against Saudi Arabia that he bet $1,800. The money was loaned to him by officials from an amount meant to go to 243 people who had taken part in a polio vaccine campaign.
在一个例子中，一位乌干达卫生官员非常确信阿根廷会赢得世界杯足球赛对阵沙特阿拉伯的比赛，因此他下注 1,800 美元。这笔钱是官员借给他的，这笔钱本来是要捐给 243 名参加小儿麻痹症疫苗接种活动的人的。
 
Argentina lost the game, and the official lost the money. Later he was chased by an angry crowd and locked himself indoors for days. His supervisor said he could lose his job.
阿根廷输了比赛，官输钱了。后来他被愤怒的人群追赶，将自己锁在室内好几天。他的主管说他可能会丢掉工作。
 
In Uganda, the official's loss was a lot of money. Yearly income per person in the country was $840 in 2020.
在乌干达，官方的损失是一大笔钱。到 2020 年，该国人均年收入为 840 美元。
 
Sports gamblers include students, politicians, workers or government officials.
体育赌徒包括学生、政治家、工人或政府官员。
 
Information on sports betting from all of Africa is not available. But data from a few countries show its growing popularity. Online gambling has grown in recent years. The increase has been driven by a growing use of mobile payments and demand for online entertainment. Much of the betting is on soccer games in Europe.
无法获得来自整个非洲的体育博彩信息。但一些国家的数据显示其越来越受欢迎。在线赌博近年来有所发展。这一增长是由越来越多的移动支付使用和在线娱乐需求推动的。大部分赌注都投注在欧洲的足球比赛上。
 
A South African government study from 2017 was among the most recent on gambling. It found that sports betting grew 14 percent a year between 2008 and 2016. But the number of South Africans who gambled fell from 57 percent to less than one third of the country's adult population.
南非政府2017 年的一项研究是最新的赌博研究之一。调查发现，体育博彩在 2008 年至 2016 年期间每年增长 14%。但赌博的南非人人数从占该国成年人口的 57% 下降到不到三分之一。
 
Today, online sports betting makes up 45 percent of the South African gambling market. Just 10 years ago casinos held an 80 percent share of the market, said the National Gambling Board.
如今，在线体育博彩占南非博彩市场的 45%。国家博彩委员会表示，就在 10 年前，赌场占据了 80% 的市场份额。
 
In Zimbabwe, most people do not make more than $100 a month. Sports betting there "has become a major income earner even for those who are in formal employment," said Japhet Moyo. He is secretary-general of the Zimbabwe Congress of Trade Unions. "The problem is that it becomes addictive and some lose their salaries to betting."
在津巴布韦，大多数人每月的收入不超过 100 美元。Japhet Moyo 说，那里的体育博彩“甚至对于那些有正式工作的人来说已经成为主要的收入来源”。他是津巴布韦工会大会的秘书长。“问题是它会让人上瘾，有些人会因为赌博而失去薪水。”
 
A salary is money earned from work.
工资是从工作中赚取的钱。
 
African gamblers often expect to pay for daily needs with gambling winnings. Philo Ragada is an unemployed schoolteacher in Harare, Zimbabwe's capital. He bet on England to beat Senegal in a World Cup game. Ragada supported the African team but said he wanted England to win because "that's where my money is." His winnings, he said, would be "enough for tomorrow's bread and tomatoes."
非洲赌徒通常期望用赌博赢来的钱来支付日常所需。Philo Ragada 是津巴布韦首都哈拉雷的一名失业教师。他打赌英格兰队会在世界杯比赛中击败塞内加尔队。拉加达支持非洲队，但表示他希望英格兰队获胜，因为“那是我的钱所在”。他说，他的奖金“足够买明天的面包和西红柿了”。
 
Wale Babalola is a college graduate in the Nigerian city of Lagos who owns eight betting shops after once struggling to find a job. "If not for betting, I wonder how some people will survive in this country."
Wale Babalola 是尼日利亚拉各斯市的一名大学毕业生，在曾经苦苦寻找工作后，他拥有八家博彩店。“如果不是为了博彩，我不知道有些人将如何在这个国家生存。”
 
Concern about the industry is also growing. Reagan Wamajji is a researcher with the Uganda-based Center for Policy Analysis. He said there should be campaigns against gambling, especially sports betting. "However, it is such a lucrative business that meaningful reforms might be hard to push," he said.
对该行业的担忧也在增加。Reagan Wamajji 是乌干达政策​​分析中心的研究员。他说应该开展反对赌博的运动，尤其是体育博彩。“然而，这是一项利润丰厚的业务，可能难以推动有意义的改革，”他说。
 
A Ugandan parliamentary group earlier this year suggested banning daytime betting.
今年早些时候，乌干达议会小组建议禁止白天投注。
 
Neighboring Kenya has reported a decrease in gambling since 2019. That was when the country began taxing all bets. The government also withdrew the licenses of several major gambling companies.
邻国肯尼亚报告称，自 2019 年以来赌博活动有所减少。该国也正是从那时开始对所有赌注征税。政府还吊销了几家主要赌博公司的执照。
 
A Kenyan government study said that gamblers who considered gambling a good way to make money fell by half to 11 percent between 2019 and 2021.
肯尼亚政府的一项研究表明，认为赌博是赚钱的好方法的赌徒在 2019 年至 2021 年期间下降了一半至 11%。
 
For regular gamblers, especially those who bet money that is not theirs, the recent World Cup has been punishing.
对于经常赌徒，尤其是那些下注不是自己的钱的赌徒来说，最近的世界杯一直是一种惩罚。
 
Gideon Matua is a security guard in Uganda. He said two friends recently lost their jobs after losing other people's money.
Gideon Matua 是乌干达的一名保安。他说，最近有两个朋友因为丢了别人的钱而丢了工作。
 
"I've seen very many people here crying," he said. "Someone comes here and puts a big amount on one team. If the team loses, they just go home. Some of them have been chased away from their jobs."
“我看到这里有很多人在哭，”他说。“有人来到这里，给一支球队投入了很多钱。如果球队输了，他们就回家了。他们中的一些人已经被赶走了。”