你不需要给你的杂货消毒。但以下是如何安全购物的方法

The vast majority of the country is under lockdown right now. But stay-at-home orders come with a few exceptions — like grocery shopping.

这个国家的绝大多数地区目前处于封锁状态。但也有一些例外，比如去杂货店购物。

Many of us are still venturing out to stock up on food and toiletries. But what's the safest way to shop during this pandemic? And what should you do once you've brought your haul home?

我们中的许多人仍在冒险去囤积食物和洗漱用品。但是，在这场大流行期间，最安全的购物方式是什么?一旦你(把这些东西)带回家该怎么办?

We asked infectious disease, virology and food safety experts to share their tips about safe grocery shopping — and what you can stop worrying about.

我们邀请了传染病、病毒学和食品安全专家来分享他们关于安全购物的建议，以及你可以不用担心的事情。

Know the dangers — focus on the people, not the food

了解危险—关注人，而不是食物

Many people worry about the possibility of picking upthe coronavirusfrom things like grocery store conveyor belts or cereal boxes. But every expert NPR spoke with agrees that the biggest risk when it comes to groceries is being inside the store itself with other people who may be infected.

许多人担心可能会从杂货店的传送带或谷物盒中接触冠状病毒。但是每一位接受NPR采访的专家都同意，当食品杂货方面，最大的风险是和其他可能被感染的人一起呆在商店里。

"While it is possible to contract the virus [from contaminated surfaces], the majority of transmission is probably going to be from respiratory droplets, which you're exposed to when you're around other people," says Angela Rasmussen, a virologist at the Center for Infection and Immunity at Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health.

哥伦比亚大学梅尔曼公共卫生学院感染与免疫中心的病毒学家安吉拉·拉斯穆森说：“虽然(从受污染的表面)感染病毒是可能的，但大部分传播可能来自呼吸飞沫，当你和其他人在一起时，你会接触到这些飞沫。”。

Avoid crowds and shop quickly

避开人群和快速购物

Donald Schaffner, a food microbiologist and distinguished professor at Rutgers University, advises that you look for a grocery store that limits the number of shoppers who are allowed to go in at one time.

食品微生物学家、罗格斯大学杰出教授唐纳德·沙夫纳建议，你应该寻找一家能够限制购物者同时进入的杂货店。

While that might lead to a long line outside, it's also likely to make it easier to practice social distancing inside the store — staying at least 6 feet away from other people. And once you are in there, he says, focus on getting in and out as fast as possible to minimize your risk.

虽然这可能会导致店外排起长队，但也可能会让店内更容易保持社交距离，与其他人保持至少6英尺的距离。他说，一旦你到了那里，集中精力尽快进出，把风险降到最低。

Wear a face covering

戴上面罩

Given the growing evidence that people can shed the virus before they are showing symptoms, they might not know they're infected either. That's why the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention now recommends that people wear cloth face coverings out in public, and some stores now require shoppers to wear them — not so much to protect you as to protect other people from you in case you are infected.

考虑到越来越多的证据表明,人们在出现症状之前可以释放病毒,他们可能不知道他们也感染了。这就是为什么疾病控制和预防中心现在建议人们在公共场合戴面罩,一些商店现在要求购物者戴它，与其说是为了保护你，不如说是为了保护其他人免受你的感染。

Go alone

单独去(商店)

Dr. David Aronoff, director of the Division of Infectious Diseases at Vanderbilt University Medical Center, says to go to the store alone if you can, because bringing the whole family shopping is just going to add to crowding in the aisles — and could potentially raise your household's risk of infection too.

范德比尔特大学医学中心传染病科主任大卫·阿罗诺夫博士说，如果可以的话，可以一个人去商店，因为带全家人购物只会增加过道拥挤的情况，而且可能还会增加你家人感染的风险。

Sanitize carts and hands

清洁购物车和手

Once you are in the store, make sure to sanitize the handles of your cart or basket. Many stores do this for customers now, but it doesn't hurt to bring your own hand sanitizer or disinfecting wipes if you have them. Be sure to avoid touching your face while you are there, until you can sanitize your hands again.

一旦你在商店，一定要清洁你的购物车或购物篮的把手。现在很多商店都为顾客提供这种服务，但如果你有洗手液或消毒湿巾的话，自己带也无妨。当你在那里的时候，一定要避免触摸你的脸，直到你可以再次清洁你的手。

Skip the gloves
不要戴手套

"Gloves are not magic," Schaffner says. "Gloves don't make you invulnerable. As soon as you touch something with your gloved hand, that contamination is on the gloves."

“手套不是魔法，”沙夫纳说手套不会让你不受伤害。一旦你用戴着手套的手碰了什么东西，手套上就沾满了污染物。”

Rasmussen agrees. "I've seen a lot of people wearing gloves out in public, and they just kind of wear them all day and do a lot of normal activities, like talk on their phone, potentially eat." she says. "And that's not great practice."

拉斯穆森同意。”她说：“我见过很多人在公共场合戴手套，他们整天都戴着手套，做很多正常的活动，比如打电话，可能吃东西。”这可不是很好的行为。”

Give the cashier some space

离收银员一些距离

While grocery shopping may stress you out, it's the workers at the grocery store who are more at risk, because they interact with many customers daily. Protect them by making sure you stand 6 feet away, or as far as you can, while checking out.

虽然在杂货店购物可能会让你感到紧张，但杂货店的工作人员面临的风险更大，因为他们每天都与许多顾客打交道。在结账的时候，确保你站在6英尺以外，或者尽可能远的地方，以此来保护他们。

Choose no-touch payment when you can

选择无接触支付

If you've got a no-touch option like Apple Pay or Google Pay, use it. Graham notes, she's personally avoiding cash at the moment, because earlier research has found that cash currency can harbor lots of microorganisms.

如果你有一个像苹果支付或谷歌支付的无接触选项，那就用吧。格雷厄姆指出，她个人目前正在避免使用现金，因为早先的研究发现，现金货币可以藏匿许多微生物。

Don't drive yourself crazy disinfecting your groceries

别疯狂地给食品消毒

Many shoppers are now following elaborate routines to disinfect their groceries, thanks to a viral video put out by a Michigan family doctor. But all of the experts we spoke with say that disinfecting every last item in your grocery haul is really not necessary.

由于密歇根一位家庭医生发布的一段病毒视频，许多购物者现在都在遵循复杂的程序对他们的食品进行消毒。但我们采访过的所有专家都说，真的没有必要对你的食品杂货里的每一件东西都进行消毒。